Early origins of ethnic disparities in cardiovascular risk factors

Gishti, Olta; Gaillard, Romy; Felix, Janine F.; Bouthoorn, Selma H.; Steegers, Eric A.P.; Raat, Hein; Hofman, Albert; Duijts, Liesbeth; Franco, Oscar H.; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.03.027

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…They have a higher risk of being born preterm or postterm, having respiratory allergies, or having an adverse cardiovascular risk profile [Mehta et al, 2013;Gishti et al, 2015;Khanolkar et al, 2015]. Moreover, differences in oral health among ethnic groups have been reported by various studies from the Netherlands and other parts of the world [Truin et al, 2010;Wigen and Wang, 2010;Guarnizo-Herreño and Wehby, 2012;Schuller et al, 2014;Matsuo et al, 2015].…”

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confidence: 99%

Ethnic Disparities in Dental Caries among Six-Year-Old Children in the Netherlands

Tas

Kragt²,

Veerkamp³

et al. 2016

Caries Res

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The aim of this study was to investigate potential differences in caries prevalence of children from ethnic minority groups compared to native Dutch children and the influence of socio-economic status (SES) and parent-reported oral health behaviour on this association. The study had a cross-sectional design, embedded in a population-based prospective multi-ethnic cohort study. 4,306 children with information on caries experience, belonging to 7 different ethnic groups, participated in this study. The decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) index was assessed at the age of 6 and categorized in two ways for analysis: children without caries (dmft = 0) versus any caries experience (dmft >0) and children without caries (dmft = 0) versus children with mild caries (dmft = 1-3) or severe caries (dmft >3). Compared to native Dutch children, children with a Surinamese-Hindustani, Surinamese-Creole, Turkish, Moroccan, and Cape Verdean background had significantly higher odds for dental caries. Especially the Surinamese-Hindustani, Turkish, and Moroccan group had significantly higher odds for severe dental caries. Household income and educational level of the mother explained up to 43% of the association between ethnicity and dental caries, whereas parent-reported oral health behaviour did not mediate the association. Alarming disparities in caries prevalence between different ethnic (minority) groups exist, which cannot be fully explained by social inequalities. Public health strategies can apply this new knowledge and specifically focus on the reduction of ethnic disparities in oral health. More research is needed to explain the high caries prevalence among different ethnic minority groups.

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confidence: 99%

Ethnic Disparities in Dental Caries among Six-Year-Old Children in the Netherlands

Tas

Kragt²,

Veerkamp³

et al. 2016

Caries Res

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“…This is in line with a previous study that showed an association between PTSD and metabolic risk factors (BMI, obesity rates, abdominal obesity and triglycerides) in white Americans, but not in African-Americans [ 15 ]. The results from this study lead us to suggest that in ethnic minority groups, the risk of developing the MetS may be more strongly influenced by other risk factors, such as depressive symptoms, disadvantageous biological factors that originate in early life [ 51 ] or ethnicity-specific dietary patterns [ 52 ] andexercise beliefs [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder with the metabolic syndrome in a multi-ethnic cohort: the HELIUS study

Leijden

Penninx

Agyemang

et al. 2018

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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PurposeDepression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be linked to the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Consistency of this association across ethnic groups and the influence of comorbidity of depression/PTSD were examined.MethodsCross-sectional baseline data from the HELIUS study were used (4527 Dutch, 2999 South-Asian Surinamese, 4058 African Surinamese, 2251 Ghanaian, 3522 Turkish and 3825 Moroccan participants). The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) (score range 0–27) measured depressive symptoms. A 9-item questionnaire (score range 0–9) measured PTSD symptoms. The MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation. The association of a depressed mood (PHQ-9 sum score ≥ 10) and severe PTSD symptoms (sum score ≥ 7) with the MetS was examined using logistic regression. Interaction with ethnicity and between a depressed mood and severe PTSD symptoms was tested.ResultsA depressed mood was associated with the MetS [OR (95% CI) = 1.37 (1.24–1.51)] in the total sample and consistent across ethnic groups (p values for interaction all > 0.05). Severe PTSD symptoms were significantly associated with the MetS in the Dutch [OR (95% CI) = 1.71 (1.07–2.73)]. The South-Asian Surinamese, Turks and Moroccans showed weaker associations than the Dutch (p values for interaction all < 0.05). A depressed mood and severe PTSD symptoms did not interact in the association with the MetS (p values for interaction > 0.05).ConclusionsA depressed mood was consistently associated with the MetS across ethnic groups, but the association between severe PTSD symptoms and the MetS maybe ethnicity dependent. The association with the MetS was not different in case of depressed mood/severe PTSD symptoms comorbidity.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00127-018-1533-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…There is a compelling evidence on the role of the metabolic factors in early life in programming long-term risk of diseases. Epidemiological, 12 , 13 genomical, 14 and experimental analyses 15 , 16 are bringing supportive evidence for a causal role of early growth performance and the establishment of cardiometabolic homeostasis throughout life. The underlying mechanisms affecting programming of metabolic health in the growing fetus are yet to be fully understood, but the current research is focusing on deciphering both tissue-specific mechanisms as well as the potential time-dependency of exposures in determining programming.…”

Section: Developmental Origins Of Cardiometabolic Healthmentioning

confidence: 98%

Vitamin D and the Promotion of Long-Term Metabolic Health from a Programming Perspective

Palaniswamy

Williams

Järvelin

et al. 2015

Nutr Metab Insights

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Studies linking vitamin D and long-term metabolic health have generated much debate. Recommendations for the intake of vitamin D by the general public and by the health care professionals have been complicated by a number of inconsistencies in the literature. These caveats relate to the methodological approaches, differences in the populations (and the species) of study, and the definitions used for thresholds of vitamin D status. This review addresses current evidence available for assessing the potential programming of long-term metabolic health of offspring by maternal vitamin D status in pregnancy. It summarizes knowledge on the early origins of metabolic health and analyzes evidence for an association between the vitamin D status in pregnancy and maternal and fetal health status. In addition, we analyze the link between the regulation of inflammation and the vitamin D status in the general population to inform on the general mechanisms through which early vitamin D might affect the programming of long-term health. The evidence suggests an association between the vitamin D status in early life and the programming of long-term health. However, to the best of our knowledge, the current finding is insufficient to draw a final conclusion for evidence-based preventive actions. The data warrant replication in prospective studies and additional research substantiating the causal factors and pathways.

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Early origins of ethnic disparities in cardiovascular risk factors

Cited by 10 publications

References 45 publications

Ethnic Disparities in Dental Caries among Six-Year-Old Children in the Netherlands

Ethnic Disparities in Dental Caries among Six-Year-Old Children in the Netherlands

The association of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder with the metabolic syndrome in a multi-ethnic cohort: the HELIUS study

Vitamin D and the Promotion of Long-Term Metabolic Health from a Programming Perspective

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