Early‐onset colorectal cancer in young individuals

Mauri, Gianluca; Sartore-Bianchi, Andrea; Russo, Antonio; Marsoni, Silvia; Bardelli, Alberto; Siena, Salvatore

doi:10.1002/1878-0261.12417

Cited by 396 publications

(386 citation statements)

References 176 publications

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“…While it is widely believed that early-onset CRC is strongly related to genetic factors, our study did find that the under-50 group was more likely to have a family history of CRC. Nonetheless, the proportion of young patients with a family history of CRC shown in our study (5.4%) was much lower than that reported by a recent review (20%) (Mauri et al, 2019). Additionally, it is noted that the young patients had a higher tendency to present late for treatment.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Incidence, Clinico-demographic Profiles and Survival Rates of Colorectal Cancer in Northern Malaysia: Comparing Patients Above and Below 50 Years of Age

Ibrahim¹,

Chan²,

Soelar³

et al. 2020

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in men and the second in women worldwide. In 2018, the World Health Organization reported nearly 1.85 million new CRC cases and 0.88 million CRC-related deaths (Wong et al., 2019). Malaysia, together with China, Japan, Korea and Singapore, has recorded the highest 5-year prevalence of CRC (≥46.5 cases in 100,000) in Asia (Haggar and Boushey, 2009). It is well known that the prognosis of a CRC patient is strongly related to the stage at which the cancer is diagnosed. The 5-year survival rate of CRC is higher than 80% for stage 1 and 2, between 30 and 60% for stage 3, and lower than 10 % for stage 4 (Rashid et al., 2009). Although

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Incidence, Clinico-demographic Profiles and Survival Rates of Colorectal Cancer in Northern Malaysia: Comparing Patients Above and Below 50 Years of Age

Ibrahim¹,

Chan²,

Soelar³

et al. 2020

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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“…Among EO-CRC patients, 30% belong to families with genetic predisposition who require dedicated screening and management programs [28]. However, most cases of EO-CRC are sporadic and are likely linked to environmental, behavioral, and dietary factors [8]. EO-CRC is characterized by a more advanced stage at diagnosis, with a striking 76% of patients < 30 years diagnosed at a locally advanced or metastatic stage in contrast with 46-50% of older CRC patients [53][54][55].…”

Section: Increased Crc Incidence In the Young Adult Population: Molecmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, at the same time colon cancer incidence in individuals younger than 50 years has been increasing both in Europe and in the USA [6,7], thus becoming a public health issue. Most cases of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) are sporadic and are likely linked to environmental, behavioral and dietary factors, although large epidemiological studies are still lacking [8]. The gastrointestinal tract represents the primary site of nutrient absorption/digestion and the largest barrier to harmful toxins and pathogens between the host and its environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Factors in the Control of Gut Homeostasis, Intestinal Stem Cells, and Colorectal Cancer

2019

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Global CRC burden is expected to increase by 60% in the next decade, with low-income countries experiencing an escalation of CRC incidence and mortality in parallel to the adoption of western lifestyles. CRC incidence is also sharply increasing in individuals younger than 50 years, often presenting at advanced stages and with aggressive features. Both genetic and environmental factors have been recognized as major contributors for the development of CRC, the latter including diet-related conditions such as chronic inflammation and obesity. In particular, a diet rich in fat and sugars (Western-style diet, WSD) has been shown to induce multiple pathophysiological changes in the intestine linked to an increased risk of CRC. In this scenario, dietary factors have been recently shown to play novel unexpected roles in the regulation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and of the gut microbiota, which represent the two main biological systems responsible for intestinal homeostasis. Furthermore, diet is increasingly recognized to play a key role in the neoplastic transformation of ISCs and in the metabolic regulation of colorectal cancer stem cells. This review illustrates novel discoveries on the role of dietary components in regulating intestinal homeostasis and colorectal tumorigenesis. Particular focus is dedicated to new areas of research with potential clinical relevance including the effect of food components on ISCs and cancer stem cells (CSCs), the existence of CRC-specific microbial signatures and the alterations of intestinal homeostasis potentially involved in early-onset CRC. New insights on the role of dietary factors in intestinal regulation will provide new tools not only for the prevention and early diagnosis of CRC but also for improving the effectiveness of current CRC therapies.

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“…As a consequence, the treatments for primary rectal and colon cancer are different [5]. The incidence of RC has been decreasing as the increasingly spread use of screening allows for identification and endoscopic removal of premalignant lesions [6]; however, several recent studies have shown an increase in incidence of rectal cancers among young people [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid biopsy for rectal cancer: A systematic review

Massihnia

Pizzutilo

Amatu

et al. 2019

Cancer Treatment Reviews

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Background: The management of locally advanced rectal cancer (RC) is an evolving clinical field where the multidisciplinary approach can reach its best and liquid biopsy for obtaining tumor-derived component such as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) might provide complementary informations. Methods: A systematic review of studies available in literature of liquid biopsy in non-metastatic RC has been performed according to PRISMA criteria to assess the role of ctDNA as a diagnostic, predictive and prognostic biomarker in this setting. Results: Twenty-five publications have been retrieved, of which 8 fulltext articles, 7 abstracts and 10 clinical trials. Results have been categorized into three groups: diagnostic, predictive and prognostic. Few but promising data are available about the use of liquid biopsy for early diagnosis of RC, with the main limitation of sensitivity due to low concentrations of ctDNA in this setting. In terms of prediction of response to chemoradiation, still inconclusive data are available about the utility of a pre-treatment liquid biopsy, whereas some studies report a positive correlation with a dynamic (pre/post-treatment) monitoring. The presence of minimal residual disease by ctDNA was consistently associated with worse prognosis across studies. Conclusions: The use of liquid biopsy for monitoring response to chemoradiation and assess the risk of disease recurrence are the most advanced potential applications for liquid biopsy in RC, with implications also in the context of non-operative management strategies.

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Early‐onset colorectal cancer in young individuals

Cited by 396 publications

References 176 publications

Incidence, Clinico-demographic Profiles and Survival Rates of Colorectal Cancer in Northern Malaysia: Comparing Patients Above and Below 50 Years of Age

Incidence, Clinico-demographic Profiles and Survival Rates of Colorectal Cancer in Northern Malaysia: Comparing Patients Above and Below 50 Years of Age

Dietary Factors in the Control of Gut Homeostasis, Intestinal Stem Cells, and Colorectal Cancer

Liquid biopsy for rectal cancer: A systematic review

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