Early Motor-Behavioral Outcome of Ischemic Stroke with Ketogenic Diet Preconditioning: Interventional Animal Study

Shaafi, Sheida; Sharifi-Bonab, Mirmohsen; Ghaemian, Neda; Mokhtarkhani, Mohaddeseh; Akbari, Hossen

doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.12.024

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…BHB is not only a passive energy carrier but also a key signalling molecule that participates extensively in neuronal function, lipid metabolism, and gene expression [32,33] . The ketogenic diet is increasingly being used to treat neurological disorders, including seizures, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, ischaemic stroke, and chronic pain [34][35][36][37][38] . We confirmed that CCI brought about a synchronous reduction in BHB levels in both the serum and spinal cord.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in The Gut Microbiota and Metabolite Profiles in The Context of Neuropathic Pain

Chen

Wang

Ren

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The aim of this study was to explore the relationships among gut microbiota disturbances and serum and spinal cord metabolic disorders in neuropathic pain. 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and serum and spinal cord metabolomics were used to identify alterations in the microbiota and metabolite profiles in the sham rats and the chronic constriction injury (CCI) model rats. Correlations between the abundances of gut microbiota components at the genus level, the levels of serum metabolites, and pain-related behavioural parameters were analysed. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was applied to analyse the interaction networks of the differentially expressed serum metabolites. First, we found that the composition of the gut microbiota was different between rats with CCI-induced neuropathic pain and sham controls. At the genus level, the abundances of Helicobacter, Phascolarctobacterium, Christensenella, Blautia, Streptococcus, Rothia and Lactobacillus were significantly increased, whereas the abundances of Ignatzschineria, Butyricimonas, Escherichia, AF12, and Corynebacterium were significantly decreased. Additionally, 72 significantly differentially expressed serum metabolites and 17 significantly differentially expressed spinal cord metabolites were identified between the CCI rats and the sham rats. Finally, correlation analysis showed that changes in the gut microbiota was significantly correlated with changes in serum metabolite levels, suggesting that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is an important factor in modulating metabolic disturbances in the context of neuropathic pain. In conclusion, our research provides a novel perspective on the potential roles of the gut microbiota and related metabolites in neuropathic pain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in The Gut Microbiota and Metabolite Profiles in The Context of Neuropathic Pain

Chen

Wang

Ren

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Animal studies using various stroke models have demonstrated reduced pathology due to a KD or direct administration of exogenous BHB prior to injury. Shaafi et al ( 26 ) used the endothelin-1 model of induced ischemic stroke to demonstrate that rats fed the KD shortly before stroke induction had improved mobility, indicating a benefit of diet preconditioning. Similarly, rats fed the KD for 25 days prior to injury were protected from neurodegeneration caused by cardiac arrest-induced cerebral ischemia ( 27 ), and intravenous administration of BHB in rats after the initiation of middle cerebral artery occlusion significantly reduced cerebral infarct area and neurological deficits ( 28 ).…”

Section: Evidence For Beneficial Effects Of Kd In Neurological Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotection by the Ketogenic Diet: Evidence and Controversies

et al. 2021

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The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat low-carbohydrate diet that has been used for decades as a non-pharmacologic approach to treat metabolic disorders and refractory pediatric epilepsy. In recent years, enthusiasm for the KD has increased in the scientific community due to evidence that the diet reduces pathology and improves various outcome measures in animal models of neurodegenerative disorders, including multiple sclerosis, stroke, glaucoma, spinal cord injury, retinal degenerations, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Clinical trials also suggest that the KD improved quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, the major ketone bodies BHB and ACA have potential neuroprotective properties and are now known to have direct effects on specific inflammatory proteins, transcription factors, reactive oxygen species, mitochondria, epigenetic modifications and the composition of the gut microbiome. Neuroprotective benefits of the KD are likely due to a combination of these cellular processes and other potential mechanisms that are yet to be confirmed experimentally. This review provides a comprehensive summary of current evidence for the effectiveness of the KD in humans and preclinical models of various neurological disorders, describes molecular mechanisms that may contribute to its beneficial effects, and highlights key controversies and current gaps in knowledge.

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“…The proposed mechanism is related to the activation of adenosine A1 receptor (A1R), causing phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and to the upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and HIF-regulated genes (EPO and VEGF) [72]. Moreover, Shaafi et al suggested that KD improved early behavioral and motor outcomes in rats with induced stroke [73].…”

Section: Neuroprotective Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Supplements and Neuroprotective Diets and Their Potential Clinical Significance in Post-Stroke Rehabilitation

et al. 2021

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Nutrition and rehabilitation are crucial in post-stroke recovery, especially in the elderly. Since stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability, there is a need to promote special, individually tailored nutrition strategies targeting older patients with low motor ability. Chronic stroke survivors have higher risk of developing nutrition-related chronic diseases, such as sarcopenia, anemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis. Moreover, reduced motor activity, cognitive impairment and depression might be aggravated by poor malnutrition status. Accumulated data suggest that nutritional supplements and neuroprotective diets can be associated with better effectiveness of post-stroke rehabilitation as well as brain recovery. Therefore, this review focuses on preventive strategies that can improve dietary intake and change dietary patterns. We highlight the importance of neuroprotective diets, the problem of dysphagia and the role of nutrition in rehabilitation. This article focuses on potential nutritional supplements and neuroprotective diets that may have an impact on functional recovery during and after rehabilitation. Moreover, a new approach to post-stroke neuroplasticity including the use of agents from marine sources such as fucoxanthin and tramiprosate as compounds that might be used as potential neuroprotectants with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties is introduced.

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Early Motor-Behavioral Outcome of Ischemic Stroke with Ketogenic Diet Preconditioning: Interventional Animal Study

Cited by 26 publications

References 41 publications

Alterations in The Gut Microbiota and Metabolite Profiles in The Context of Neuropathic Pain

Alterations in The Gut Microbiota and Metabolite Profiles in The Context of Neuropathic Pain

Neuroprotection by the Ketogenic Diet: Evidence and Controversies

Nutritional Supplements and Neuroprotective Diets and Their Potential Clinical Significance in Post-Stroke Rehabilitation

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