Early menopause and subsequent cardiovascular disease

Bertone‐Johnson, Elizabeth R.; Manson, JoAnn E.

doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000000385

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Because anxiety was not assessed, this study could not determine whether anxiety was associated with HFI, as has been found among breast cancer patients. 29 Lastly, this study could not determine whether HFI diminishes after 12 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Course and Moderators of Hot Flash Interference during Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Matched Comparison

et al. 2015

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Purpose Many men receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer experience hot flashes. This study aimed to describe the course of hot flash interference (HFI) over time in ADT recipients relative to matched prostate cancer and cancer-free controls, from before the start of ADT to 12 months later. We also examined demographic, clinical, and genetic predictors of the impact of ADT on hot flash interference. Materials and Methods Three groups were examined: prostate cancer patients recruited before or within 21 days of starting ADT (n=60), age- and education-matched prostate cancer patients treated with prostatectomy only (n=83), and age- and education-matched men with no history of cancer (n=86). Participants provided blood samples and completed the Hot Flash Daily Interference Scale at baseline as well as 6 and 12 months later. Results ADT recipients reported increasing HFI over time relative to controls (p<.001). Group differences were evident at 6 and 12 months (ps<.001), with ADT recipients reporting greater HFI than controls. Several genetic polymorphisms were found to predict greater increases in HFI (ps<.01), including polymorphisms on genes associated with vasoconstriction, immune function, neurotransmission, and circadian rhythms. ADT recipients who were younger and had lower body mass index at baseline also exhibited greater increases in HFI over time (ps≤.01). Conclusions This study, the first to prospectively examine HFI in ADT recipients, found that those with certain genetic polymorphisms, younger age, and lower BMI had greater increases in HFI over time relative to controls.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Course and Moderators of Hot Flash Interference during Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Matched Comparison

et al. 2015

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“…58 It remains unclear whether estrogen deficiency plays a role in the etiology of heart failure in women or whether other cardiovascular risk factors contribute to earlier age at menopause as well as to cardiovascular disease risk (confounding by other risk factors). 59, 60 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term health consequences of premature or early menopause and considerations for management

et al. 2015

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Aim To review the current evidence concerning the long-term harmful effects of premature or early menopause, and to discuss some of the clinical implications. Material and methods Narrative review of the literature. Results Women undergoing premature or early menopause, either following bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy or because of primary ovarian insufficiency, experience the early loss of estrogen and other ovarian hormones. The long-term consequences of premature or early menopause include adverse effects on cognition, mood, cardiovascular, bone, and sexual health, as well as an increased risk of early mortality. The use of hormone therapy has been shown to lessen some, although not all of these risks. Therefore, multiple medical societies recommend providing hormone therapy at least until the natural age of menopause. It is important to individualize hormone therapy for women with early estrogen deficiency, and higher dosages may be needed to approximate physiological concentrations found in premenopausal women. It is also important to address the psychological impact of early menopause and to review the options for fertility and the potential need for contraception, if the ovaries are intact. Conclusions Women who undergo premature or early menopause should receive individualized hormone therapy and counseling.

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“…However, general observations about the impact of menopause in this patient population are not in dispute. The heightened risk of accelerated cardiovascular disease [55], excessive bone density loss due to long-term corticosteroid therapy, and the possibility of primary ovarian insufficiency due to previous exposure to gonadotoxic therapies, in the context of ongoing underlying systemic inflammatory diseases, all confound the care and management of these patients as they age, and should prompt vigilance on the part of caregivers to address any modifiable risk factors associated with these conditions.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheumatic autoimmune diseases in women and midlife health

Marder

Vinet

Somers

2015

womens midlife health

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Autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) preferentially affect women, and are characterized by systemic inflammation leading to target organ dysfunction. The public health burden of autoimmune diseases, which collectively represent a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women throughout adulthood, is substantial. While some features of these diseases have been observed to improve over the menopausal transition, such as disease flare rate in SLE and skin softening and thinning in scleroderma, others, such as swollen and tender joints and radiographically confirmed damage in RA may worsen. The general trends, however, are not consistent or conclusive for all disease-related manifestations. Of great importance is the recognition that comorbid diseases, including osteoporosis and accelerated cardiovascular disease, contribute excess morbidity and mortality that becomes increasingly apparent as women with autoimmune diseases undergo the menopausal transition.

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Early menopause and subsequent cardiovascular disease

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Course and Moderators of Hot Flash Interference during Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Matched Comparison

Course and Moderators of Hot Flash Interference during Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Matched Comparison

Long-term health consequences of premature or early menopause and considerations for management

Rheumatic autoimmune diseases in women and midlife health

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