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ParisThe South China Sea is the first leg of the long distance trans-Asian trade route leading from China to the Mediterranean. It fed into this route the products of its own interregional exchange network. To its north, natural and manufactured products from the vast Chinese mainland were gathered in the harbours of the southeastern and southern provinces to be shipped, through various stages, to SouthEast Asia, the Indian Ocean countries, the Middle East and Europe. Further to its south and east, the wide variety of tropical and equatorial climes of South-East Asia produced an array of trade goods that were in high demand the world over. The peoples living around the South China Sea, another "Mediterranean" in its own right, were among the shippers and traders that kept this major trade route of the Old World in lively operation.The Chinese participation in the history of South China Sea shipping has been thoroughly investigated-and over-emphasized--for many years. However, the South China Sea, in its broadest geographical setting, also comprises the South-East Asian maritime for their critical comments. Indonesian shipwreck sites mentioned in this paper were excavated within a cooperation program between the Indonesian National Research Centre for Archaeology and the Ecole frangaise d'Extreme-Orient, with financial assistance of the Ford Foundation. This content downloaded from 195.78.108.20 on Tue, 17 Jun 2014 01:31:23 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions 254 PIERRE-YVES MANGUIN expanses to its South and East. Serious research on the maritime history of South-East Asia started only three decades ago, and it was only in the late sixties that the dynamic role played by the South-East Asian peoples in shaping these trade networks was fully acknowledged by historians. In his important book on Early Indonesian Commerce (1967), 0. W. Wolters was instrumental in shifting attention from activities directed from outside the region to early Malay World shippers and traders. I shall examine this general problem from a different angle and will attempt to answer a question which needs to be posed in clear terms: did polities around the South China Sea master the ocean-going techniques that would have allowed them to play the major economic role outlined above? Assuming the
evolution of socio-economic patterns is intimately connected with technical developments, what will then be considered here is the historical evolution of shipbuilding techniques, that is the development among South-China Sea peoples of the technical skills necessary to build...