Early Management of Suspected Bacterial Meningitis and Meningococcal Septicaemia in Adults

Heyderman, Robert S.; Lambert, H P; O-Sullivan, InSug; Stuart, James M.; Taylor, Bettina; Wall, R.A.

doi:10.1053/jinf.2002.1110

Cited by 65 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…A Cochrane meta-analysis of trials showed that the beneficial effects of adjunctive dexamethasone were found in high-income countries and suggested that differences in baseline characteristics explained the variable results of the performed trials (317). Guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the European Federation of Neurological Sciences, and the British Infection Society recommended adjunctive dexamethasone as a standard treatment for patients with suspected or proven pneumococcal meningitis (69,144,311). The associated rate of mortality of pneumococcal meningitis is high.…”

Section: Streptococcus Pneumoniaementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Antimicrobial Treatment of Acute Bacterial Meningitis

2010

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SUMMARY The epidemiology of bacterial meningitis has changed as a result of the widespread use of conjugate vaccines and preventive antimicrobial treatment of pregnant women. Given the significant morbidity and mortality associated with bacterial meningitis, accurate information is necessary regarding the important etiological agents and populations at risk to ascertain public health measures and ensure appropriate management. In this review, we describe the changing epidemiology of bacterial meningitis in the United States and throughout the world by reviewing the global changes in etiological agents followed by specific microorganism data on the impact of the development and widespread use of conjugate vaccines. We provide recommendations for empirical antimicrobial and adjunctive treatments for clinical subgroups and review available laboratory methods in making the etiological diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Finally, we summarize risk factors, clinical features, and microbiological diagnostics for the specific bacteria causing this disease.

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Section: Streptococcus Pneumoniaementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Antimicrobial Treatment of Acute Bacterial Meningitis

2010

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“…9,10 Cefotaxime is the empiric antibiotic of choice for most patients (Tables 6 and 7). 11,12 Modification case-by-case could include adding vancomycin if there is concern about penicillin-resistant pneumococci or Staphylococcus aureus, or high-dose ampicillin if listeriosis is suspected, particularly in neonates, the elderly and the immunosuppressed. 13 …”

Section: Management Of Bacterial Meningitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Therefore, current advice is that steroid use is justified if there is a strong suspicion of pneumococcal disease. 11 …”

Section: Use Of Steroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of meningitis

Tunbridge

Read

2004

Clinical Medicine

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“…Ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephem antibiotic, has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gramnegative bacteria and is a major antibacterial drug used for the treatment of bacterial meningitis [1,2]. The adverse effects of ceftriaxone include cholecystitis, cholangitis, and pancreatitis, which have been reported to be involved in the formation of gallstones and intrabiliary debris, facilitated by a component of the drug formulation [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ceftriaxone-Associated Cholelithiasis in Adult Patients with Bacterial Meningitis

Nakajima¹,

Ota

Hirose³

et al. 2014

J Infect Dis Ther

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Ceftriaxone is known to induce gallstones and intrabiliary debris as the adverse effects. Ceftriaxone-related cholelithiasis occurs mainly in children treated with a high dosage of ceftriaxone for severe infections and has been rarely reported in adults. Here we report two cases of bacterial meningitis, with cholelithiasis complication developed during ceftriaxone treatment. A 65 year old man and a 66 year old man were treated with long-term (3 weeks) administration of high-dose ceftriaxone (4 g/day) for bacterial meningitis. Both patients had renal dysfunction, which may have affected gallstone formation. In one patient, gallstones spontaneously disappeared after discontinuing ceftriaxone treatment. However, the other patient needed the drainage by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. These events are associated with elevated doses of ceftriaxone and require particular attention in the elderly and patients with renal dysfunction.

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Early Management of Suspected Bacterial Meningitis and Meningococcal Septicaemia in Adults

Cited by 65 publications

References 31 publications

Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Antimicrobial Treatment of Acute Bacterial Meningitis

Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Antimicrobial Treatment of Acute Bacterial Meningitis

Management of meningitis

Ceftriaxone-Associated Cholelithiasis in Adult Patients with Bacterial Meningitis

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