Early maladaptive schemas in patients with or without personality disorders: does schema modification predict symptomatic relief?

Nordahl, Hans M.; Holthe, Harald; Haugum, Jon A.

doi:10.1002/cpp.430

Cited by 132 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…That does not imply, however, that negative cognitions arising from a negatively valenced schema cannot be changed (for a discussion, see Padesky, 1994). Indeed, the psychopathology and psychotherapy literatures show that cognitive schema-based therapy is efficacious in the treatment of chronic depression (McCullough, 2000), personality disorders (Nordahl, Holthe, & Haugum, 2005;Nordahl & Nysaeter, 2005), and comorbid addiction (Ball, 2007). Thus, consideration of a cognitive schema component to a comprehensive sexuality intervention would seem important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Self Schema as a Moderator of Sexual and Psychological Outcomes for Gynecologic Cancer Survivors

et al. 2008

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Gynecologic cancer patients are at high risk for emotional distress and sexual dysfunction. The present study tested sexual self schema as an individual difference variable that might be useful in identifying those at risk for unfavorable outcomes. First, we tested schema as a predictor of sexual outcomes,including bodychangestress. Second,we examined schema as a contributor to broader quality of life outcomes, specifically as a moderator of the relationship between sexual satisfaction and psychological statue (depressive symptoms and quality of life). A cross-sectional design was used. Gynecologic cancer survivors (N = 175) 2−10 years post treatment were assessed during routine follow up. In regression analyses controlling for sociodemographic variables, patients' physical symptoms/signs as evaluated by nurses, health status, and extent of partner sexual difficulties, sexual self schema accounted for significant variance in the prediction of current sexual behavior, responsiveness, and satisfaction. Moreover, schema moderated the relationship between sexual satisfaction and psychological outcomes, suggesting that a positive sexual self schema might "buffer" patients from depressive symptoms when their sexual satisfaction is low. Furthermore, the combination of a negative sexual self schema and low sexual satisfaction might heighten survivors' risk for psychological distress, including depressive symptomatology. These data support the consideration of sexual self schema as a predictor of sexual morbidity among gynecologic cancer survivors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Self Schema as a Moderator of Sexual and Psychological Outcomes for Gynecologic Cancer Survivors

et al. 2008

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“…For adults, there has been ample research, which has shown that the prevalence of EMS has a substantial correlation with mental disorders, behavioral problems, and personality disorders (Jovev & Jackson, 2004;Nordahl, Holthe, & Haugum, 2005). Similarly, for adolescents and children, there have been a substantial amount of studies which have indicated a strong link between EMS and psychopathological symptoms and mental disorders (Bakshi Bojed & Nikmanesh, 2013;Calvete, 2008Calvete, , 2014Calvete, Orue, & Hankin, 2013a, 2013b, 2015Damiano, Reece, Reid, Atkins, & Patton, 2015;González-Jiménes & del Mar Hernández-Romera, 2014;Lawrence, Allen, & Chanen, 2011;Lumley & Harkness, 2007;Muris, 2006;Orue, Calvete, & Padilla, 2014;Richardson, 2005;Roelofs, Lee, Ruijten, & Lobbestael, 2011;Roelofs, Onckels, & Muris, 2013;Simard, Moss, & Pascuzzo, 2011;Van Vlierberghe & Braet, 2007;Van Vlierberghe, Braet, Bosmans, Rosseel, & Bögels, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dusseldorf Illustrated Schema Questionnaire for Children (DISC)

Loose

Meyer

Pietrowsky

2018

Psicol. Refl. Crít.

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Childhood experiences are considered to be of crucial importance in the formation of maladaptive schemas, according to Young's concept. Although some schema questionnaires already exist for children, these instruments differ in their schema structures with between 8 and 12 identified factors. To obtain a deeper understanding of early maladaptive schemas in childhood an instrument based on Young's 18-schema model was constructed (Dusseldorf Illustrated Schema Questionnaire for Children (DISC)). Cartoons were designed which represented each schema, providing children with a visual impression of what was meant by the schema, and thus the questions that they had to answer. The items were phrased as self-report statements and children's approval of the statements was assessed using a 4-point rating scale. The resulting preliminary questionnaire (18 cartoons, 90 items) was presented in classrooms across different school types (N = 569, between 8 and 13 years). A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed on this data to confirm the factorial structure of the questionnaire and to reduce the number of items to two items per schema. The DISC in its final version included 36 items and showed a sufficiently high test-retest reliability and convergent validity when assessed in comparison to another schema questionnaire for children. In addition, the present test is of predictive value since the DISC sum score correlated with ratings on the children's behavioral problems. CFA showed a satisfactory goodness-of-fit based on the original 18-factor model, providing a compact instrument to assess schema representations and to evaluate the dynamics of maladaptation during child development.

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“…in this regard in different fields such as antisocial personality, avoidant personality, depressed personality, paranoid personality, dependent personality, borderline personality, and obsessive compulsive personality disorders which reveal a high correlation between early maladaptive schemas and these disorders (Ball & Cecero, 2001;Carr & Francis, 2010;Jovev & Jackson, 2004;Nordahl et al, 2005;Petrocelli, Glaser, Calhoun, & Campbell, 2001;Reeves & Taylor, 2007;Sines, Waller, Meyer, & Wigley, 2008;Specht, Chapman, & Cellucci, 2009). The findings of some researches on eating disorder also represented that the Emotional Deprivation, Social Isolation/Alienation, Defectiveness/Shame, Failure, Dependence/Incompetence, and Subjugation schemas are remarkably high in those patients (Anderson, Rieger, & Caterson, 2006;Leung, Waller, & Thomas, 1999;Moloodi, Dezhkam, Mootabi, & Omidvar, 2010;Riso, du Toit, Stein, & Young, 2007;Van Vlierberghe & Braet, 2007;Voderholzer et al, 2014;Waller, Meyer, & Ohanian, 2001), on the other hand active schemas in people suffering from drug abuse disorder are reported to be Subjugation, Vulnerability to Harm or Illness, and Emotional Inhibition (Ball & Cecero, 2001;Brotchie, Meyer, Copello, Kidney, & Waller, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Maladaptive Schemas in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Anxiety Disorders

Yoosefi¹,

RajeziEsfahani²,

Pourshahbaz³

et al. 2016

GJHS

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Background: Purpose of this study is comparing early maladaptive schemas which are active in patients suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder and anxiety disorders together, considering recent DSM-5 changes through which OCD has been placed in a separate and new diagnostic level.Methodology: This research is a causal-comparative study. 151 persons were categorized in three groups of people suffering from OCD (50), suffering from anxiety disorders (50), and control group (51). Early diagnosis of disorders in two clinical groups were verified based on structured clinical interview for DSM (SCID-I) and Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale (Y-BOCS). General health questionnaire (GHQ-28), the short versions of the Young schemas questionnaire (YSQ), and Padua inventory-Washington State University Revision (PI-WSUR) were also implemented. Findings:Findings revealed that mean scores of all schemas of those suffering from anxiety disorders, except for Self-Sacrifice, Unrelenting-Standards/Hypercriticalness, Entitlement/Grandiosity schemas, and mean scores of all early maladaptive schemas of those suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder are significantly higher than those of control group. OCD group had significantly higher scores in Emotional Deprivation, Mistrust/Abuse, and Defectiveness/Shame schemas than anxiety disorders group. Defectiveness/Shame and Vulnerability to Harm or Illness schemas can explain 38 percent of variance of obsessive compulsive symptoms. Conclusion:The dominant and specific early maladaptive schemas of OCD are Defectiveness/Shame, Mistrust/Abuse, and Emotional Deprivation Schemas. This study besides supporting the theory of early maladaptive schemas, suggests that interventions based on specific schemas can be useful methods in treatment of OCD and anxiety disorders.

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Early maladaptive schemas in patients with or without personality disorders: does schema modification predict symptomatic relief?

Cited by 132 publications

References 26 publications

Sexual Self Schema as a Moderator of Sexual and Psychological Outcomes for Gynecologic Cancer Survivors

Sexual Self Schema as a Moderator of Sexual and Psychological Outcomes for Gynecologic Cancer Survivors

The Dusseldorf Illustrated Schema Questionnaire for Children (DISC)

Early Maladaptive Schemas in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Anxiety Disorders

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