Early lung development: lifelong effect on respiratory health and disease

Stocks, Janet; Hislop, Alison A.; Sonnappa, Samatha

doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(13)70118-8

Cited by 310 publications

(320 citation statements)

References 171 publications

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“…Quality control was performed at the time of examination by visual inspection of the waveforms. Given that coherence, which is a measure of testing reliability, was >0.80 at 10 Hz, the mean value of resistance at 5 Hz (R 5 ), resistance at 20 Hz (R 20 ), frequency dependence of resistance (ie, R [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], and reactance area (AX) were used for analysis. AX may boost the assessed response inappropriately compared with the R 5-20 response because it multiplies 2 partly independent reactions of the airways.…”

Section: Measurements Of Lung Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,13 Furthermore, although spirometry is a well-established method to assess lung function by measuring expiratory flow rates and volumes, other lung function techniques aiming to assess peripheral airway function and mechanics, such as forced oscillation, have been shown to be more sensitive than spirometry for detection of airway obstruction in children with lung disease, including follow-up studies of children born very preterm. [14][15][16][17][18] We hypothesized that being born moderate to late preterm would have a negative effect on lung function through childhood and adolescence. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine associations between moderate to late preterm birth and various aspects of later lung function (measured by using spirometry at ages 8 and 16 years, and by using impulse oscillometry [IOS] at 16 years) with data from a large, prospective birth cohort.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Lung Function at 8 and 16 Years After Moderate-to-Late Preterm Birth: A Prospective Cohort Study

et al. 2016

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Section: Measurements Of Lung Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Lung Function at 8 and 16 Years After Moderate-to-Late Preterm Birth: A Prospective Cohort Study

et al. 2016

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“…Yet if innovative therapies with the potential to modify disease are to be deployed, there must be both clinical need and the ability to assess outcome. If our observed improvement in ILF was sustained between 1-2yrs with standard treatment alone in NBS infants, this would have significant implications for clinical trial design involving novel treatments for CF in early life when the developing lung is potentially at its most vulnerable [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Pulmonary function deficits in newborn screened infants with cystic fibrosis managed with standard UK care are mild and transient

Davies

Stocks²,

Thia³

et al. 2017

Eur Respir J

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With the advent of novel designer molecules for cystic fibrosis (CF) treatment, there is huge need for early-life clinical trial outcomes, such as infant lung function (ILF). We investigated the degree and tracking of ILF abnormality during the first 2 years of life in CF newborn screened infants.Forced expiratory volume in 0.5 s (FEV0.5), lung clearance index (LCI) and plethysmographic functional residual capacity were measured at ∼3 months, 1 year and 2 years in 62 infants with CF and 34 controls.By 2 years there was no significant difference in FEV0.5 z-score between CF and controls, whereas mean LCI z-score was 0.81 (95% CI 0.45–1.17) higher in CF. However, there was no significant association between LCI z-score at 2 years with either 3-month or 1-year results. Despite minimal average group changes in any ILF outcome during the second year of life, marked within-subject changes occurred. No child had abnormal LCI or FEV0.5 on all test occasions, precluding the ability to identify “high-risk” infants in early life.In conclusion, changes in lung function are mild and transient during the first 2 years of life in newborn screened infants with CF when managed according to a standardised UK treatment protocol. Their potential role in tracking disease to later childhood will be ascertained by ongoing follow-up.

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“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] These observations question the notion that COPD always follows a trajectory of rapid decline in FEV 1 and are consistent with the hypothesis that low maximally attained lung function in early adulthood can also result in COPD later in life, even when the rate of decline in FEV 1 is within the normal range. [17][18][19][20][21] In fact, this alternative course was already suggested by Fletcher and Peto 3 and emphasized by Burrows et al 22 but was never explored in a long-term, prospective investigation. We used data from three large cohort studies to investigate this issue.…”

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Lung-Function Trajectories Leading to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

et al. 2015

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BACKGROUNDChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is thought to result from an accelerated decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) over time. Yet it is possible that a normal decline in FEV 1 could also lead to COPD in persons whose maximally attained FEV 1 is less than population norms. METHODSWe stratified participants in three independent cohorts (the Framingham Offspring Cohort, the Copenhagen City Heart Study, and the Lovelace Smokers Cohort) according to lung function (FEV 1 ≥80% or <80% of the predicted value) at cohort inception (mean age of patients, approximately 40 years) and the presence or absence of COPD at the last study visit. We then determined the rate of decline in FEV 1 over time among the participants according to their FEV 1 at cohort inception and COPD status at study end. RESULTSAmong 657 persons who had an FEV 1 of less than 80% of the predicted value before 40 years of age, 174 (26%) had COPD after 22 years of observation, whereas among 2207 persons who had a baseline FEV 1 of at least 80% of the predicted value before 40 years of age, 158 (7%) had COPD after 22 years of observation (P<0.001). Approximately half the 332 persons with COPD at the end of the observation period had had a normal FEV 1 before 40 years of age and had a rapid decline in FEV 1 thereafter, with a mean (±SD) decline of 53±21 ml per year. The remaining half had had a low FEV 1 in early adulthood and a subsequent mean decline in FEV 1 of 27±18 ml per year (P<0.001), despite similar smoking exposure. CONCLUSIONSOur study suggests that low FEV 1 in early adulthood is important in the genesis of COPD and that accelerated decline in FEV 1 is not an obligate feature of COPD. (Funded by an unrestricted grant from GlaxoSmithKline and others.) a bs tr ac t

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Early lung development: lifelong effect on respiratory health and disease

Cited by 310 publications

References 171 publications

Lung Function at 8 and 16 Years After Moderate-to-Late Preterm Birth: A Prospective Cohort Study

Lung Function at 8 and 16 Years After Moderate-to-Late Preterm Birth: A Prospective Cohort Study

Pulmonary function deficits in newborn screened infants with cystic fibrosis managed with standard UK care are mild and transient

Lung-Function Trajectories Leading to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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