Early-life risk factors and the development of Alzheimer’s disease

Moceri, Victoria M.; Kukull, Walter A.; Emanuel, Irvin; Belle, Gerald van; Larson, Eric B.

doi:10.1212/wnl.54.2.415

Cited by 154 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Evidence suggests an association between Alzheimer's disease and education (Mayeux and Stern 2012;Meng and D'Arcy 2012;Stern 2012); exercise (Farina et al 2014); social activity (Reed et al 2011); and physical health, including stroke (Willis and Hakim 2013), hypertension (Borenstein et al 2006), body mass index (BMI), and diabetes (Profenno et al 2010). There is mixed evidence for whether mid-to later-life cognitive function is associated with socioeconomic status (SES) (Cagney and Lauderdale 2002;Kaplan et al 2001;Luo and Waite 2005;Moceri et al 2000;Singh-Manoux et al 2005Turrell et al 2002;Zeki Al-Hazzouri et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Disparities: The Impact of the Great Depression and Cumulative Inequality on Later-Life Cognitive Function

Hale

2017

Demography

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Population aging has driven a spate of recent research on later-life cognitive function. Greater longevity increases the lifetime risk of memory diseases that compromise the cognitive abilities vital to well-being. Alzheimer's disease, thought to be the most common underlying pathology for elders' cognitive dysfunction (Willis and Hakim 2013), is already the sixth leading cause of death in the United States (Alzheimer's Association 2016). Understanding social determinants of pathological cognitive decline is key to crafting interventions, but evidence is inconclusive for how social factors interact over the life course to affect cognitive function. I study whether early-life exposure to the Great Depression is directly associated with later-life cognitive function, influences risky behaviors over the life course, and/or accumulates with other life-course disadvantages. Using growth curve models to analyze the Health and Retirement Study, I find that early-life exposure to the Great Depression is associated with fluid cognition, controlling for intervening factors-evidence for a critical period model. I find little support for a social trajectory model. Disadvantage accumulates over the life course to predict worse cognitive function, providing strong evidence for a cumulative inequality model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Disparities: The Impact of the Great Depression and Cumulative Inequality on Later-Life Cognitive Function

Hale

2017

Demography

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“…Evidence has shown that early-life environments (such as childhood socioeconomic situation) may affect the development of obesity and dementia. 13,14 The life course development of the adipositydementia association has been suggested, 15 but the contribution of genetics and early life environments to the relationship has not been investigated. In the present study, we sought to 1) verify the long-term effect of midlife overweight and obesity measured by BMI on the risk of dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) taking into account diabetes and lifespan vascular disorders using unmatched case-control analysis; and 2) explore whether genetic and early-life environments could explain the observed association between midlife adiposity and dementia by cotwin matched case-control approach using data from the Swedish Twin Registry.…”

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confidence: 99%

Midlife overweight and obesity increase late-life dementia risk

Atti²,

Gatz³

et al. 2011

Neurology

407

282

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Objective: The relation of overweight to dementia is controversial. We aimed to examine the association of midlife overweight and obesity with dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) in late life, and to verify the hypothesis that genetic and early-life environmental factors contribute to the observed association. Methods:From the Swedish Twin Registry, 8,534 twin individuals aged Ն65 (mean age 74.4)were assessed to detect dementia cases (DSM-IV criteria). Height and weight at midlife (mean age 43.4) were available in the Registry. Data were analyzed as follows: 1) unmatched casecontrol analysis for all twins using generalized estimating equation (GEE) models and 2) cotwin matched case-control approach for dementia-discordant twin pairs by conditional logistic regression taking into account lifespan vascular disorders and diabetes.Results: Among all participants, dementia was diagnosed in 350 subjects, and 114 persons had questionable dementia. Overweight (body mass index [BMI] Ͼ25-30) and obesity (BMI Ͼ30) at midlife were present in 2,541 (29.8%) individuals. In fully adjusted GEE models, compared with normal BMI (20-25), overweight and obesity at midlife were related to dementia with odds ratios (ORs) (95% CIs) of 1.71 (1.30-2.25) and 3.88 (2.12-7.11), respectively. Conditional logistic regression analysis in 137 dementia-discordant twin pairs led to an attenuated midlife BMIdementia association. The difference in ORs from the GEE and the matched case-control analysis was statistically significant (p ϭ 0.019).

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“…In addition, Ott et al, (22) reported that the high age of the father at the time of birth and the lack of major gene are the risk factors for developing Alzheimer; the finding indicated a weak relationship between the age of mother and Alzheimer disease. Unlike the findings of the current study, Moceri et al, (47) evaluated the conditions of the first 18 years of life in patients with Alzheimer. According to this study, the risk of Alzheimer rises as 1 child is added to the family.…”

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confidence: 66%

The Prevalence of Alzheimer’s Disease; its Risk and Protective Factors Among the Elderly Population in Iran

et al. 2017

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Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of the Alzheimer disease, and its risk and protective factors in the elderly people referred to health centers in Shiraz, Iran. Methods: The current descriptive, analytical study was conducted on 2000 elderly by the randomly selection method. Mini-mental state exam (MMSE) and geriatric depression scales (GDS) were applied to gather the data. Afterwards, the cases with cognitive deficit went through the psychological and neurological examinations. All statistical computations were conducted by SPSS software, version 22. Results: Of the total number of studied people, 7.85% were identified with cognitive impairment. However, the prevalence of Alzheimer disease was 2.3%. The results indicated that listening to music daily, weekly visits by friends, and the daily consumption of vitamin E were the protective factors, while depression was one of the risk factors in developing the Alzheimer disease. Conclusions: The findings suggested a unique opportunity for early diagnosis and preventive interventions.

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Early-life risk factors and the development of Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract: The early-life childhood and adolescent environment is associated with the risk of AD.

Cited by 154 publications

References 27 publications

Cognitive Disparities: The Impact of the Great Depression and Cumulative Inequality on Later-Life Cognitive Function

Cognitive Disparities: The Impact of the Great Depression and Cumulative Inequality on Later-Life Cognitive Function

Midlife overweight and obesity increase late-life dementia risk

The Prevalence of Alzheimer’s Disease; its Risk and Protective Factors Among the Elderly Population in Iran

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