Early‐life immune expression profiles predict later‐life health and fitness in a wild rodent

Wanelik, Klara M.; Begon, Mike; Bradley, Joshua; Friberg, Ida M.; Taylor, Christopher H.; Jackson, Joseph A.; Paterson, Steve

doi:10.1111/mec.16950

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 82 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…Additive genetic effects explain considerably more of the variance in gene expression than aging, but less that other environmental factors, potentially explaining why reliable expression-derived biomarkers for healthy-aging have proved elusive compared with those derived from methylation [150]. Coupled with the effects of genetic polymorphisms, early-life environmental exposures can give rise to substantial variation among individuals in their immune responses [151]. Gene expression implies the involvement of miRNAs.…”

Section: Age and Covid-19 Vaccination Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nonspecific effects of COVID-19 vaccination upon non-COVID-19 all-cause mortality (NCACM) in the population of England: Effects of age, sex, COVID-19 variant, vaccination history, and time in a real-world study from Jan-21 to May-23

Jones,

Ponomarenko

2024

Preprint

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All vaccines exhibit specific and nonspecific effects. Specific effects are shown by the efficacy against the target pathogen, while nonspecific effects can be detected by the change in all-cause mortality. The real-world non-COVID-19 all-cause mortality (NCACM) data for the population of England between January 2021 and May 2023 was assessed. All vaccines administered were based on the original Wuhan antigen. Each gender and age group, along with COVID-19 variant shows its own unique NCACM vaccination benefit/disbenefit time profile. The efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination against COVID-19 disease/death per se is undisputed, however, the nonspecific outcomes of COVID–19 vaccination is far more nuanced than have been widely appreciated. This confirms an earlier study on the unanticipated nonspecific effects of influenza vaccination against all-cause winter mortality. Interestingly, a high proportion of NCACM beneficial effects occurred during the first 21 days following COVID-19 vaccination, while the worst example of increased NCACM occurred during the fourth dose of COVID-19 vaccination in 19–40-year-olds for the interval &gt;21 days post vaccination which led to NCACM 3- to 10-times higher than in the unvaccinated. By the time of the Omicron variant, NCACM outcomes in those aged 90+ are mostly adverse. The beneficial nonspecific effects of COVID-19 vaccination increase with age and reach their maximum effect during the second week post vaccination for age groups below 50 years, rising to during the third week for those aged 70+. Finally, we discuss the mechanisms by which COVID-19 vaccination could induce wider nonspecific effects. Most of these mechanisms seem to depend on gene regulation by noncoding RNAs which also interact with mRNAs. We suggest that further international studies are required to discern the nonspecific NCACM effects of the different COVID-19 variants other than the three variants prevalent in the UK, and different types/manufacturer of COVID-19 vaccines which have been employed around the world. We can only speculate regarding the nonspecific effects of the COVID-19 vaccines administered to persons with an asymptomatic infection, and during vaccine waning. Vaccines not only need to be effective against the target pathogen, as primarily determined by antibody production, but need to minimize any unanticipated adverse nonspecific effects against all-cause mortality.

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Section: Age and Covid-19 Vaccination Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nonspecific effects of COVID-19 vaccination upon non-COVID-19 all-cause mortality (NCACM) in the population of England: Effects of age, sex, COVID-19 variant, vaccination history, and time in a real-world study from Jan-21 to May-23

Jones,

Ponomarenko

2024

Preprint

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Juvenile responses to immune challenges are not carried through to subsequent life stages in an insect

Silva,

Viol,

Elliot

2024

Sci Rep

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Maternal transmission gives way to social transmission during gut microbiota assembly in wild mice

et al. 2023

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Background The mammalian gut microbiota influences a wide array of phenotypes which are relevant to fitness, yet knowledge about the transmission routes by which gut microbes colonise hosts in natural populations remains limited. Here, we use an intensively studied wild population of wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) to examine how vertical (maternal) and horizontal (social) transmission routes influence gut microbiota composition throughout life. Results We identify independent signals of maternal transmission (sharing of taxa between a mother and her offspring) and social transmission (sharing of taxa predicted by the social network), whose relative magnitudes shift as hosts age. In early life, gut microbiota composition is predicted by both maternal and social relationships, but by adulthood the impact of maternal transmission becomes undetectable, leaving only a signal of social transmission. By exploring which taxa drive the maternal transmission signal, we identify a candidate maternally-transmitted bacterial family in wood mice, the Muribaculaceae. Conclusion Overall, our findings point to an ontogenetically shifting transmission landscape in wild mice, with a mother’s influence on microbiota composition waning as offspring age, while the relative impact of social contacts grows.

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Early‐life immune expression profiles predict later‐life health and fitness in a wild rodent

Cited by 3 publications

References 82 publications

The nonspecific effects of COVID-19 vaccination upon non-COVID-19 all-cause mortality (NCACM) in the population of England: Effects of age, sex, COVID-19 variant, vaccination history, and time in a real-world study from Jan-21 to May-23

The nonspecific effects of COVID-19 vaccination upon non-COVID-19 all-cause mortality (NCACM) in the population of England: Effects of age, sex, COVID-19 variant, vaccination history, and time in a real-world study from Jan-21 to May-23

Juvenile responses to immune challenges are not carried through to subsequent life stages in an insect

Maternal transmission gives way to social transmission during gut microbiota assembly in wild mice

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