Early-life galacto-oligosaccharides supplementation alleviates the small intestinal oxidative stress and dysfunction of lipopolysaccharide-challenged suckling piglets

Abstract

Background Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are non-digestible food ingredients that promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut. This study investigated the protective effect of the early-life GOS supplement on the piglets’ gut function against the oxidative stress induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenge. Methods Eighteen neonatal piglets were assigned to three groups including CON, LPS and LPS + GOS groups. The piglets in CON group and LPS group received physiological saline, while those in LPS + GOS group received GOS solution for 13 d after birth. On d 14, the piglets in LPS group and LPS + GOS group were injected with LPS solutions, while the piglets in CON group were injected with the same volume of physiological saline. Results The results showed that the early-life GOS supplement blocked the LPS-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) secretion, malondialdehyde (MDA) production and the increase of pro-apoptotic factor expression. Meanwhile, the early-life GOS supplement improved the activities of antioxidant enzymes, disaccharidase enzymes activities, and digestive enzymes activities, and increased the mRNA abundance of the gene related to nutrient digestion and absorption and the relative protein expression of tight junction. The study also showed that the early-life GOS supplement improved the expression of Hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H/quinone acceptor oxidoreductase-1 (NQO-1), and activated the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Conclusions These results suggested that GOS enhanced the gut function, reduced the ROS production and pro-apoptotic factors gene expression, and activated the AMPK signaling pathway in LPS-challenged piglets.

Galacto-oligosaccharides increase abundance of beneficial probiotic bacteria, improve gut architecture and goblet cell expression in poorly performing piglets

“…However, weight at day 1 was on average 1.55 kg and day 21 ~ 6 kg, with ADG at over 0.2 kg per day, values being much higher than in this study and for all trials and treatments (Table 1). Similarly, healthy GOS fed piglets, but challenged with lipopolysaccharide endotoxin, showed no signi cant difference in body weight compared with control groups, but a signi cant increase in ADG [50]. Weight at day 1 was over 1.5 kg and day 14 over 4kg, with ADG over 0.2 kg per day, values again being higher than in this study.…”

Maternal intervention with a combination of galacto-oligosaccharides and hyocholic acids during late gestation and lactation increased the reproductive performance, colostrum composition, antioxidant and altered intestinal microflora in sows

“… Wang et al (2022) has reported that the combination of GOS and L. plantarum supplementation in mice’s diets inhibited d-gal-induced oxidative stress. A recent study showed that early-life GOS supplements in suckling piglets’ diets alleviated the LPS-induced reactive oxygen species secretion, and inhibited the LPS-induced decrease of GSH-Px, T-AOC and SOD activities in serum ( Tian et al, 2022 ). Consistent with these studies, the results of our experiment showed that activities of T-AOC and CAT in serum were significantly increased after GOS or GOS + High HCA treatment at farrowing.…”

Acer truncatum leaves extract modulates gut microbiota, improves antioxidant capacity, and alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in broilers

“…According to the results of experiment 1, dietary ATL supplemented especially increased the expression of Occludin and ZO-1 in jejunum and ileum mucosa at 42 d, which implies an improvement in the intestinal mucosal barrier function. Previous studies have shown that intraperitoneal injection of LPS can damage intestinal barrier and reduce the expression of Occludin, Claudin-1 , and ZO-1 in intestinal epithelial cells ( Xie et al, 2021 ; Tian et al, 2022 ). In this study, we found that dietary ATL extract supplementation restored the level of tight junction proteins changed by LPS, suggested it contributes to the maintenance of intestinal barrier function in broilers.…”

“…Moreover, using ATL as a ruminant feed shows advantageous effect on the abundance of intestine beneficial bacteria and improves the resistance to diseases and survival rate of lamb ( Liu et al, 2020 ). Lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) is a component derived from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, it can induce a variety of pathophysiological effects on the host, such as immune response and tissue injury ( Kong et al, 2022 ), and it is also the main cause of intestinal diseases ( Tian et al, 2022 ). Based on these findings, this study aims to investigate the beneficial effect and antidisease ability of ATL and clarify its mechanism of action through broilers, and to explore the potential application value of ATL.…”