Early life family disadvantages and major depression in adulthood

Sadowski, H.; Ugarte, B.; Kolvin, I.; Kaplan, Carole E.; Barnes, Jacqueline

doi:10.1192/bjp.174.2.112

Cited by 108 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Overall, in view of the commonly reported associations among depression and early adversities Oakley-Browne, Joyce, Wells, Bushness, & Hornblow, 1995;Sadowski, Ugarte, Kolvin, Kaplan, & Barnes, 1999), the present results are somewhat surprising. The current study suggests that if anything, early experiences were more likely to predict anxiety disorders than depression.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Early Adversity and the Prospective Prediction of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in Adolescents

Phillips

Hammen

Brennan

et al. 2005

J Abnorm Child Psychol

147

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The current study was a prospective exploration of the specificity of early childhood adversities as predictors of anxiety and depressive disorders in adolescents. Participants were 816 adolescents (414 males, 402 females) with diagnostic information collected at age 15; information on early adversities had been collected from the mothers during pregnancy, at birth, age 6 months, and age 5 years for a related study. Adolescents with "pure" anxiety disorders were compared with adolescents with "pure" depressive disorders (major depressive disorder, dysthymia), and these groups were compared to never-ill controls. Analyses controlled for gender and maternal depression and anxiety disorders. Results indicated that adolescents with anxiety disorders were more likely than depressed youth to have been exposed to various early stressors, such as maternal prenatal stress, multiple maternal partner changes, and more total adversities, whereas few early childhood variables predicted depressive disorders. Even when current family stressors at age 15 were controlled, early adversity variables again significantly predicted anxiety disorders. Results suggest that anxiety disorders may be more strongly related to early stress exposure, while depressive disorders may be related to more proximal stressors or to early stressors not assessed in the current study.KEY WORDS: depression; anxiety; early adversity; longitudinal. Kessler and Magee (1993) investigated the power of retrospectively reported childhood adversities occurring through age 16 to predict depression in an epidemiological sample. Eight adversities were studied, and many were found to be associated with incidence and prevalence of major depressive disorder. Parental drinking, parental mental illness, violence in the family, parents' marital problems, death of mother or father, and absence of a close adult relationship in childhood were significantly associated with onset of depression by age 20. These results are consistent with psychological models of depression that commonly emphasize the influence of negative childhood experiences in the family affecting the qual-

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Early Adversity and the Prospective Prediction of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in Adolescents

Phillips

Hammen

Brennan

et al. 2005

J Abnorm Child Psychol

147

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Other studies have found a link between adult depression and maternal lack of care, family violence, parental marital problems and divorce, family drinking problems and mental illness; studies are generally retrospective or have not focused on midlife women (Kessler & Magee, 1993;Kessler, Davis, & Kendler, 1997;Mullen, Martin, Anderson, Romans-Clarkson, & Herbison, 1994Mullen, Romans-Clarkson, Walton, & Herbison, 1988;Widom, 1998). Two prospective studies from childhood that have followed their subjects into the thirties provide even stronger evidence of a link between adult affective disorders and the early environment (Rodgers, 1990a;Sadowski, Ugarte, Kolvin, Kaplan, & Barnes, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifetime risk factors for women's psychological distress in midlife

Kuh

Hardy

Rodgers

et al. 2002

Social Science & Medicine

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“…These disorders include depression, anxiety, drug abuse [11][12][13][14], altered reproductive behavior [15] and compromised learning [16,17]. Many studies have shown that early perinatal procedures in rats can permanently alter various patterns of drug use and behavior in adulthood [18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal separation alters drug intake patterns in adulthood in rats

Moffett

Vicentic

Kozel

et al. 2007

Biochemical Pharmacology

175

127

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Maternal separation/handling (MS/H) is an animal model of early life stress that causes profound neurochemical and behavioral alterations in pups that persist into adulthood. Many recent studies have used the MS/H model to study changes in drug effects in adulthood that are linked to behavioral treatments and stressors in the perinatal period. The drug effects focused on in this review are the reinforcing properties of the abused drugs, cocaine and alcohol. A striking finding is that variations in maternal separation and handling cause changes in ethanol and cocaine self-administration. Further, these changes indicate that various manipulations in the perinatal period can have long lasting effects of interest to biochemical pharmacologists. This article will review recent studies on ethanol and cocaine self-administration using the MS/H model and the neurochemical alterations that may play a role in the effects of MS/H on ethanol and cocaine self-administration. Studying the MS/H model can provide important clues into the vulnerability to drug abuse and perhaps identify a crucial window of opportunity for therapeutic intervention.

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Early life family disadvantages and major depression in adulthood

Abstract: Social and family (especially multiple family) disadvantages during childhood predispose individuals to an increased risk of major depression in adulthood.

Cited by 108 publications

References 19 publications

Early Adversity and the Prospective Prediction of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in Adolescents

Early Adversity and the Prospective Prediction of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in Adolescents

Lifetime risk factors for women's psychological distress in midlife

Maternal separation alters drug intake patterns in adulthood in rats

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