Early Lapses in a Cessation Attempt: Lapse Contexts, Cessation Success, and Predictors of Early Lapse

Deiches, Jonathan F.; Baker, Timothy B.; Lanza, Stephanie T.; Piper, Megan E.

doi:10.1093/ntr/ntt074

Cited by 36 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Although speculative, it is conceivable that, while concurrently smoking, men may generally gain greater enjoyment from viewing visual rewards and women may gain greater enjoyment from listening to auditory rewards. Consequently, attenuation of these pleasurable effects after making a quit attempt could increase chances of a smoking lapse in conjunction with experiencing these sensory rewards, potentially to differing degrees in women and men depending on the type of reward available (e.g., Deiches, et al 2013). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential sex differences in the pattern of sensory reinforcers enhanced by nicotine.

Perkins

Karelitz

2016

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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Along with its primary and secondary reinforcing effects, nicotine acutely enhances reinforcement from rewards not directly related to nicotine, particularly those consisting of “sensory” stimuli. Less certain is the magnitude of these effects across types of sensory reinforcers commonly available in the natural environment, especially under different smoking exposure conditions of clinical relevance. This study compared reinforced responding for immediate auditory (music) or visual (video) sensory rewards, or no reward (nonspecific control), due to nicotine via ad lib smoking versus no nicotine (overnight abstinence), in a within-subjects design. Dependent smokers (N=48; 21 M, 27 F) responded on an operant computer task for small units of the designated rewards during two sessions, following overnight abstinence (>12 hr; CO≤10 ppm) or no abstinence (i.e. ad lib smoking). Preferred music and video rewards were each selected by participants to ensure their equal initial reinforcing efficacy. Responding reinforced by music and by video rewards, but not by no reward, was similarly enhanced by ad lib smoking in the entire sample. Yet, in post hoc follow-ups, the smoking-induced increase in responding for music was greater in women vs. men, while the increase in responding for video was greater in men vs. women. Results confirm the comparability of the reinforcement enhancing effects of nicotine via smoking on both auditory and visual rewards, consistent with the notion that enhanced sensory reinforcement may contribute to persistence of smoking behavior. However, findings also suggest the specific pattern of sensory reinforcers enhanced by nicotine may differ between men and women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential sex differences in the pattern of sensory reinforcers enhanced by nicotine.

Perkins

Karelitz

2016

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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“…video) in nature. Recent evidence suggests that early lapses in quit attempts often occur during “leisure” activities, including while enjoying “TV/music” (Deiches, Baker, Lanza, & Piper, 2013). Thus, cigarette smoking may be very hard to quit partly because the acute intake of nicotine makes many routinely enjoyable activities even more pleasurable (i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory reinforcement-enhancing effects of nicotine via smoking.

Perkins¹,

Karelitz²

2014

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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As in animal research, acute nicotine in humans enhances reinforcement from rewards unrelated to nicotine intake, but this effect may be specific to rewards from stimuli that are “sensory” in nature. We assessed acute effects of nicotine via smoking on responding for music or video (“sensory”) rewards, for monetary (“non-sensory”) reward, or for no reward (control), to gauge the generalizability of nicotine’s reinforcement enhancing effects. Using a fully within-subjects design, dependent smokers (N=20) participated in three similar experimental sessions, each following overnight abstinence (verified by CO<10 ppm) and varying only in the smoking condition. Sessions involved no smoking or smoking denicotinized (0.05 mg) or nicotine (0.6 mg) QuestR brand cigarettes in controlled fashion prior to responding on a simple operant computer task for each reward separately, using a progressive ratio schedule. The reinforcing effects of music and video rewards, but not money, were significantly greater due to the nicotine versus denicotinized cigarette (i.e. nicotine per se), while there were no differences between the denicotinized cigarette versus no smoking (i.e. smoking behavior per se), except for no reward. These effects were not influenced by withdrawal relief from either cigarette. Results that generalize from an auditory to a visual reward confirm that acute nicotine intake per se enhances the reinforcing value of sensory rewards, but its effects on the value of other (perhaps non-sensory) types of rewards may be more modest.

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“…39,40,41,42–44 With respect to fewer friends who smoke, older individuals who quit smoking may select friends who are engaged in more healthful behaviors, i.e. non-smokers, 11,45 to reinforce their own smoking cessation and to avoid exposure to secondhand smoke.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Better Late Than Never: The Perceived Benefits of Smoking Cessation Among Women in Late Midlife

Brook

Rubenstone

Zhang

et al. 2014

Journal of Addictive Diseases

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The present study examined the association of smoking cessation (≥ 1 year without relapse) and self-reported psychosocial and physical outcomes among a community sample of women (N=195; mean age=63.7 years, S.D.=5.7). Data were collected in 1985–86 and 2009. Successful smoking cessation for ≥ 1 year was significantly associated with each of the outcome measures, e.g. less financial stress [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)=0.50, 95% Confidence Interval (C.I.)=0.25–1.00, p< 0.05], less life dissatisfaction (AOR=0.51, 95% CI=0.24–1.09, p< 0.05). Findings suggest that older women should be included in smoking cessation programs, and the important benefits of quitting should be used to encourage cessation.

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Early Lapses in a Cessation Attempt: Lapse Contexts, Cessation Success, and Predictors of Early Lapse

Abstract: Early lapsing is highly related to ultimate relapse, and lapsing in frequently experienced contexts seemed most strongly linked with progression to full relapse.

Cited by 36 publications

References 34 publications

Potential sex differences in the pattern of sensory reinforcers enhanced by nicotine.

Potential sex differences in the pattern of sensory reinforcers enhanced by nicotine.

Sensory reinforcement-enhancing effects of nicotine via smoking.

Better Late Than Never: The Perceived Benefits of Smoking Cessation Among Women in Late Midlife

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