Early intervention for cognitive decline: can cognitive training be used as a selective prevention technique?

Mowszowski, Loren; Batchelor, Jennifer; Naismith, Sharon L.

doi:10.1017/s1041610209991748

Cited by 151 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Most CT teaching strategies can be regarded as either compensatory or restorative in nature [15]. Compensatory tasks are aimed at bypassing various cognitive weaknesses, and capitalizing on other strengths or abilities to achieve a functional goal.…”

Section: Cognitive Prevention Training Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These often take the form of external aids or internal strategies (e.g., written lists; memory notebooks, chunking, visual imagery, mnemonic strategies). Compensatory techniques are designed to help a person learn, retrieve, and remember information [9,15]. Restorative methods are focused on strengthening specific cognitive domains, and recovering impaired skills.…”

Section: Cognitive Prevention Training Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Memory and Cognitive Prevention Training for Typically Aging Seniors in a University Clinic Setting: A Feasibility Study

Kouri¹

2017

J Speech Pathol Ther

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Purpose: While diagnosis and treatment are the major focus for SLPs, professional roles are expanding to include preventative related services with the elderly. Evidence exists as to the effects of preventative cognitive training (CT), yet few studies have examined viable models for SLP implementation. The purpose of this feasibility study was to compare group and individual CT programs delivered in a university based speech and hearing clinic.Method: Forty-eight adults, between the ages of 68-92 years-old were assigned to individual or group based conditions in which they received sixteen hours of CT, implemented by an SLP and graduate student clinicians. Cognitive, memory, language, visuospatial and other skills were trained. Formal and informal, pre-post and 12-week follow-up measures were administered. Function and Satisfaction surveys were administered to determine participant perceptions of functional outcomes. Results:Participants in both CT conditions demonstrated pre-post training gains, although individually trained seniors made more significant improvements than group trained seniors on specific formal measures. The amount of pre to post gain on all assessment measures was similar between groups. Improvements in test scores were maintained at 12-week follow-up testing intervals by both groups. Survey results indicated high satisfaction with CT, although differences were found in perceptual outcomes between groups.Conclusions: Whereas individual participants yielded more significant effects, the Group condition also represents an effective and efficient model for prevention related services with elderly populations, as demonstrated by pre-post training effects and participant satisfaction responses. Clinical training applications for CT implementation in a university training setting are discussed.

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Section: Cognitive Prevention Training Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cognitive Prevention Training Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory and Cognitive Prevention Training for Typically Aging Seniors in a University Clinic Setting: A Feasibility Study

Kouri¹

2017

J Speech Pathol Ther

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“…Despite the fact that these terms are often used in a way that would suggest that they are synonymous, they actually differ in terms of the methodology used. 16 This low level of concordance in relation to the use of terminology has hindered meta-analysis studies, which seek to correctly classify the type of intervention reported by the authors. An attempt to create a taxonomic reference was initiated by Clare et al and subsequently discussed and revised by Belleville, Mowszowski et al and Bahar-Fuchs, Clare & Woods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a cognitive training program for the elderly

Santos

Flores-Mendoza

2016

Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol.

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Introduction: Plasticity in intellectual functioning has been the target of significant research investment. Among non-pharmacological interventions, cognitive training appears as a promising option for delaying the effects of aging on cognition. Objective: The present study describes the procedures of a cognitive training program for healthy Brazilian elderly persons (without diagnosis of dementia). Method: Cognitive tasks for the training of attention, processing speed, episodic memory and working memory were carried out. The program training was performed over 12 individual sessions, and included an Instruction Book, a Stimulus Book and Protocol Record. To assess the effects of training, five subtests of the WAIS-III test were used: Picture completion, Coding, Arithmetic, Matrix Reasoning and Digit Span. The cognitive training program was tested with 15 individuals, divided into an experimental group (EG), which received training, and a control group (CG). The EG was formed of seven participants, aged between 70 and 82 years (M=73.57, SD=4.11) and with an average schooling of 5.8 years (SD=1.02). The CG was formed by 8 participants, aged 69-77 years (M=74.00, SD=4.58), and who had an average schooling of 2.88 years (SD=2.58). The results of this pilot study show the importance of testing the impact of cognitive training through a randomized clinical trial to verify its effects on the mental performance of older adults. The importance of greater disclosure in literature of the construction procedures involved in cognitive training tasks, as well as the formulation of intervention strategies, is highlighted.

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“…For normal older adults, these interventions typically focus on training in cognitive skills to enhance current function, with the primary goal of averting future cognitive decline (Acevedo & Loewenstein, 2007). Interest in the application of cognitive training (CT) in the elderly has resulted in retrospective (Friedland, Fritsch, & Smyth, 2000;Kondo, 1994) and prospective (Wilson, Bennett, & Bienias, 2002; investigations, both of which suggest positive impact (Fratiglioni, PaillardBorg, & Winblad, 2004;Mowszowski, Batchelor, & Naismith, 2010). Randomized controlled studies are relatively sizable and also corroborate the therapeutic benefits of cognitive training in elderly populations (Faucounau et al, 2010;Valenzuela & Sachdev, 2009).…”

Section: Section 4: Literature Review: Cognitive Training In Normal Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, whilst these findings are encouraging in suggesting the efficacy of CT, many seeming confounds may contribute to, or be responsible for, therapeutic change (Kazdin, 2003). Such methodological variability suggests that tighter methodologically controlled trials are warranted (Mowszowski et al, 2010). The use of an active control set a high standard for measuring success, but in-tum allowed me to make quite specific claims about the effects of treatment.…”

Section: Internal Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive training in the rural elderly: A randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy and accessibility of a new approach.

Rizkalla¹

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Early intervention for cognitive decline: can cognitive training be used as a selective prevention technique?

Cited by 151 publications

References 64 publications

Memory and Cognitive Prevention Training for Typically Aging Seniors in a University Clinic Setting: A Feasibility Study

Memory and Cognitive Prevention Training for Typically Aging Seniors in a University Clinic Setting: A Feasibility Study

Development of a cognitive training program for the elderly

Cognitive training in the rural elderly: A randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy and accessibility of a new approach.

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