Early immunopathological events in experimental ovine paratuberculosis

BEGARA-McGORUM, Isabel M.; Wildblood, L. A.; Clarke, Christopher J.; Connor, Kathleen M.; Stevenson, Karen; McInnes, Colin J.; Sharp, John M.; Jones, Douglas

doi:10.1016/s0165-2427(98)00107-x

Cited by 67 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Antibodies against M. tuberculosis activate macrophages through Fc-dependent endocytosis [26]. However, the presence of antibodies against Map does not appear to be an early protective mechanism for infected animals, since B cell numbers (corresponding to lower IgG antibody titers) were significantly reduced in infected lambs compared with controls [6]. In contrast, the percentage of B cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was significantly higher in cows with clinical signs of disease compared with control or subclinical animals [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine IgG1 antibodies againstMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisprotein p34-cx improve association of bacteria and macrophages

et al. 2007

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-Paratuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), is a chronic granulomatous enteric disease in cattle. Among molecular components of Map, protein p34 was identified as specific and immunodominant for bovine B cells. In order to determine if specific antibodies could influence the course of Map pathogenesis, the interaction between bacteria and bovine macrophages was studied. Bovine polyclonal antibodies from 3 calves vaccinated with protein p34-cx, 6 calves vaccinated with heatkilled Map, 8 naturally infected, and 3 healthy calves -as negative controls-were used. Specific anti-Map, -p34-cx and -PPA-3 antibodies were evaluated and isotype characterized. Infected and Map vaccinated animals showed similar IgG1 and IgG2 response against Map whole bacteria. When p34-cx was used as the antigen, mainly IgG1 and IgG3 were detected in infected and only IgG1 in p34-cx vaccinated animals. Bovine polyclonal antibodies from three animals of each category were isolated and affinity purified through Map and p34-cx columns. The effect of these antibodies in association with Map and a transformed bovine peritoneal macrophage's cell line (Bov-Mac) as well as activation of NF-κB transcription factor was studied. Our results show that association of Map significantly increased in vitro after pretreatment with bovine anti-Map or anti-p34-cx antibodies obtained from vaccinated or infected cattle when compared with those of controls. Improved activation of NF-κB was detected in macrophages that ingested Map opsonized with either anti-Map or anti-p34-cx specific antibodies of infected or vaccinated calves, suggesting that both anti-Map and IgG1 anti-p34-cx antibodies support Map-macrophage interactions.Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis / p34 / IgG1 / macrophages / cattle

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine IgG1 antibodies againstMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisprotein p34-cx improve association of bacteria and macrophages

et al. 2007

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“…Burrells et al (1999) also have found elevated mRNA expression for IL-2, TNF -a, IL-6 and IFN-y. Begara-McGorum et al (1998) reported higher expression ofTNF -a from MLN in early cases of experimentally infected sheep.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Cytokine Profile in Tissues and Blood of Sheep Experimentally Infected withMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis

Kumar¹,

Tripathi²,

Sharma³

2010

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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Kumar, A.A., Tripathi, B.N. amd Sharma, B. 2010. Cytokine profile in tissues and blood of sheep experimentally infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratub.erculosis. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 38: 185-189. The profile of certain cytokines was studied by semiquantification of their mRNA expression by densitometry analysis of RT-PCR products in tissues and blood of sheep experimentally infected with caprine strain of M. a. paratuberculosis. The mRNA transcripts for all cytokines were expressed in tissues and blood. In general expression values were greater in the mesenteric lymph node and blood. In the MLN tissues and blood, IFN-y, TNF-a and IL-4 were significantly increased. The results suggested that expression of cytokines in blood correlated with those in the MLN tissues than in the intestinal tissues. The role of enhanced expression of these cytokines has been discussed in the pathogenesis of paratuberculosis.

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“…The skin test and the interferon gamma (IFN-γ) ELISA are two such tests that may have application to the diagnosis of MAP infection. Several investigators have used the skin test [12, 16, 19-21, 26, 27, 36, 38] and the IFN-γ ELISA [1,3,13,26,27,32] as research tools to characterize immune response and some have promoted these tests as potential diagnostic tools especially in the early phases of infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity and specificity of the agar-gel-immunodiffusion test, ELISA and the skin test for detection of paratuberculosis in United States Midwest sheep populations

et al. 2006

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-Our objective was to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the agar-gelimmunodiffusion test (AGID), the ELISA, and the skin test for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) in sheep using Bayesian methods without a gold standard. Fourteen flocks (2 465 sheep) were used. Five flocks (450 sheep) were considered MAP non-infected and 9 flocks (2 015 sheep) had sheep infected with MAP. Sheep were skin tested and blood was collected for AGID and ELISA testing. Results were analyzed using a Bayesian 3-test in 1-population model fitted in WinBUGS. The model allowed for dependence (correlation) between the two serologic tests, but these two tests were assumed to be conditionally independent of the skin test. The estimated specificity was 99.5% (95% PI of 98.9-99.9%) for the AGID; 99.3% (98.4-99.8%) for the ELISA using an optical density measured cutoff of 0.20; 99.2% (98.1-99.8%) using a cutoff of 0.15; 97.5% (95.8-98.7%) using a cutoff of 0.10; and 98.7% (97.3-99.5%) for the skin test. The estimated sensitivities were 8.3% (6.2-10.7%) for the AGID; 8.0% (6.0-10.4%), 10.6% (8.3-13.1%), and 16.3% (13.5-19.4%) for the ELISA using the cutoffs 0.20, 0.15, and 0.10 respectively; and 73.3% (62.3-85.8%) for the skin test. The skin test was specific in non-infected populations and sensitive in infected populations, although in some cases a positive skin test might represent MAP exposure rather than infection. The AGID and ELISA were specific but lacked sensitivity. The AGID and ELISA consistently identified two different populations of infected sheep with only moderate overlap between positive test results.

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Early immunopathological events in experimental ovine paratuberculosis

Cited by 67 publications

References 62 publications

Bovine IgG1 antibodies againstMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisprotein p34-cx improve association of bacteria and macrophages

Bovine IgG1 antibodies againstMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisprotein p34-cx improve association of bacteria and macrophages

Cytokine Profile in Tissues and Blood of Sheep Experimentally Infected withMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis

Sensitivity and specificity of the agar-gel-immunodiffusion test, ELISA and the skin test for detection of paratuberculosis in United States Midwest sheep populations

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