Early Holocene Archaeological Context and Assemblages of Baño Nuevo 1: A Key Site in Central West Patagonia

Méndez, César; Nuevo-Delaunay, Amalia; Reyes, Omar; Belmar, Carolina; Mena, Francisco

doi:10.1080/20555563.2024.2327129

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Excavations focused on the center and the rear. The stratigraphic sequence is defined by 49 radiocarbon ages, of which 35 were obtained from postglacial levels that serve to characterize the chronology of human presence [6]. Sedimentation inside the cave was relatively continuous without major erosive disconformities [37].…”

Section: The Archaeological Context Of Baño Nuevomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,200 calibrated years before present (cal BP), corresponding to the earliest directly dated bioanthropological assemblage in Patagonia and one of the oldest in South America [3,4]. However, at the most recent levels (upper), the context contains a varied assemblage of materials, mainly organic, which are not frequent in other sites in the region [5,6]. Baño Nuevo 1 is located 100 km from the closest point to the Pacific Ocean and 320 km from the closest point to the Atlantic (Fig 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Middle through late Holocene long-distance transport of exotic shell personal adornments in Central West Patagonia (southern South America). The archaeomalacological assemblage of Baño Nuevo 1

Hammond,

Zilio,

Nuevo-Delaunay

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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The exchange of information and social interactions on broad spatial scales between human groups in the past can be studied through the provenance of key indicators of distant origin recorded at archaeological sites. The remains of shells of mollusk species, especially when crafted as elements of personal ornaments, express aspects of the behaviors and valuations for the populations that selected, transformed, and exchanged such items. In the southern cone of South America, past hunter-gatherer groups traveled long distances and interacted with communities distributed throughout the territory to acquire goods for technological use, visual display or considered highly valued materials. When recorded at distant locations, these goods of extra local origin are very informative regarding the differences between commonly used home ranges and the occasional access to remote spaces. We present the results of the analysis of the archaeomalacological assemblage of the Baño Nuevo 1 site, a cave with exceptional preservation conditions in Central West Patagonia. This site has yielded a diverse group of artifacts made of shells with origins from multiple distances, as well as evidence of the use of marine, freshwater, and terrestrial species. Its deposits, which extend over the last 11,000 years, reveal an antiquity of at least the middle Holocene for the acquisition, manufacture, use and transport of goods as personal ornaments from shells in the macroregion.

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Section: The Archaeological Context Of Baño Nuevomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle through late Holocene long-distance transport of exotic shell personal adornments in Central West Patagonia (southern South America). The archaeomalacological assemblage of Baño Nuevo 1

Hammond,

Zilio,

Nuevo-Delaunay

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Reconstruction of the paleoenvironmental context of Holocene human behavior at the Fenghuangzui site in the Nanyang Basin, Middle Yangtze River, China

Guo,

Mao,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Prehistoric city sites, as pivotal aspects of early urban evolution, are intricately linked to regional environmental factors such as climate, geomorphology, and hydrology. However, due to the lack of reliable chronologies associated with these ancient sites, there is limited understanding of environmental factors in relation to prehistoric urban centers. This study focuses on the sedimentary records from the southern moat of the Fenghuangzui (FHZ) ancient city site, a representative site in the middle Yangtze River region, integrating a chronological framework and climate proxies such as elemental geochemistry. It reconstructs the evolution of the regional sedimentary environment and the hydrogeomorphology during the mid-late Holocene at the FHZ site, elucidating its interplay with human activities. Key findings include: (1) From 5.5 ~ 4.5 ka BP, elevated CIA, Rb/Sr, and Mn/Ti values indicate a warm and humid climate. The Qujialing culture unified the middle Yangtze River and expanded abroad, building prehistoric cities such as Shijiahe city. The FHZ city was built in the Nanyang Basin at this time to prevent the invasion of northern culture. (2) During 4.5 ~ 3.9 ka BP, decreased CIA and Rb/Sr values alongside rising Saf and Be values signify reduced weathering and a transition to cooler, drier conditions. A flood event of 4 ~ 3.9 ka BP caused the moat of the FHZ city to lose its defensive function. (3) During 3.9 ~ 2.7 ka BP, declining CIA and Rb/Sr values with slight increases in Saf and Be suggest ongoing dry and cool environmental conditions. The FHZ city was abandoned at the end of the Meishan culture. (4) Between 2.7 ~ 1.6 ka BP, rising CIA and Rb/Sr values indicate a return to warmer and more humid conditions. The FHZ site was built to expand the influence of Qujialing culture and protect the Shijiahe city. Taking into account the location of the water system and farming area, the south-facing direction was chosen. After a flood in 4.0 ~ 3.9 ka BP, the FHZ site lost their defense function and were invaded by Meishan culture. In general, our findings suggest that changes in regional hydrology in the context of climate change can trigger upheaval and even collapse of prehistoric societies.

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Early Holocene Archaeological Context and Assemblages of Baño Nuevo 1: A Key Site in Central West Patagonia

Cited by 2 publications

References 50 publications

Middle through late Holocene long-distance transport of exotic shell personal adornments in Central West Patagonia (southern South America). The archaeomalacological assemblage of Baño Nuevo 1

Middle through late Holocene long-distance transport of exotic shell personal adornments in Central West Patagonia (southern South America). The archaeomalacological assemblage of Baño Nuevo 1

Reconstruction of the paleoenvironmental context of Holocene human behavior at the Fenghuangzui site in the Nanyang Basin, Middle Yangtze River, China

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