Early-Gestation Fetal Scarless Wounds Have Less Lysyl Oxidase Expression

Abstract

Lysyl oxidase has greater expression in E19 late-gestation wounds that heal with scar compared with E17 early-gestation scarless wounds. This suggests a role for lysyl oxidase in scar formation.

Interleukin-1 beta influences on lysyl oxidases and matrix metalloproteinases profile of injured anterior cruciate ligament and medial collateral ligament fibroblasts

“…More and more evidence has indicated the relationship between LOXs and wound healing [15,18,[45][46][47]. The role of each family member towards ECM cross-linkage has been consecutively identified [45,[48][49][50][51].…”

A Review of Fetal Scarless Healing

“…Others have suggested that the collagen deposited by fetuses is less mature with less cross-linking reducing rigidity but not affecting tensile strength [52]. This reduced collagen cross-linking may be due to a lower expression of lysyl oxidase, which is known to play a role in both collagen cross-linking and influences collagen architecture [56]. Chin et al [57] also showed that fetal fibroblasts show increased expression of the collagen receptor DDR1 thought to be important for both collagen expression and organization.…”

Cellular and Molecular Characteristics of Scarless versus Fibrotic Wound Healing

“…However, multiple other genes have been implicated in fetal skin development and scarless wound healing. Colwell et al [104] determined that mRNA levels of lysyl oxidase, an enzyme that cross-links collagen and elastin, were significantly greater in E19 late-gestation wounds (that heal with a scar) in comparison to E17 early-gestation scarless wounds in mouse. The homeobox genes Msx-1, Msx-2, and Mox-1 display altered expression with increasing gestational age, with Mox-1 becoming undetectable in adult skin tissues [105].…”