Early Foetal Loss Correlates Positively with Seroconversion against<i>Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis</i>in High‐Producing Dairy Cows

García-Ispierto, Irina; López‐Gatius, F.

doi:10.1111/rda.12670

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Economic losses due to paratuberculosis are a key driver to control MAP. While the economic losses in dairy cattle have been extensively studied, the difficulties in quantifying them have been highlighted in two reviews [2, 3]. Losses to the dairy farmer consist of losses before, during or after culling [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Losses to the dairy farmer consist of losses before, during or after culling [4]. Losses before culling may include reduced milk production of variable magnitude [5–10], increased somatic cell counts [7, 8, 10–12], increased incidence of clinical mastitis [10, 13, 14], reduced fertility [2, 15, 16], increased susceptibility to other diseases [17, 18] and costs of testing and treatment [4]. Cattle infected with MAP have higher on-farm mortality and cull rates [19–23], as do veal calves that originated from dairy herds with paratuberculosis [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control of paratuberculosis: who, why and how. A review of 48 countries

et al. 2019

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Paratuberculosis, a chronic disease affecting ruminant livestock, is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). It has direct and indirect economic costs, impacts animal welfare and arouses public health concerns. In a survey of 48 countries we found paratuberculosis to be very common in livestock. In about half the countries more than 20% of herds and flocks were infected with MAP. Most countries had large ruminant populations (millions), several types of farmed ruminants, multiple husbandry systems and tens of thousands of individual farms, creating challenges for disease control. In addition, numerous species of free-living wildlife were infected. Paratuberculosis was notifiable in most countries, but formal control programs were present in only 22 countries. Generally, these were the more highly developed countries with advanced veterinary services. Of the countries without a formal control program for paratuberculosis, 76% were in South and Central America, Asia and Africa while 20% were in Europe. Control programs were justified most commonly on animal health grounds, but protecting market access and public health were other factors. Prevalence reduction was the major objective in most countries, but Norway and Sweden aimed to eradicate the disease, so surveillance and response were their major objectives. Government funding was involved in about two thirds of countries, but operations tended to be funded by farmers and their organizations and not by government alone. The majority of countries (60%) had voluntary control programs. Generally, programs were supported by incentives for joining, financial compensation and/or penalties for non-participation. Performance indicators, structure, leadership, practices and tools used in control programs are also presented. Securing funding for long-term control activities was a widespread problem. Control programs were reported to be successful in 16 (73%) of the 22 countries. Recommendations are made for future control programs, including a primary goal of establishing an international code for paratuberculosis, leading to universal acknowledgment of the principles and methods of control in relation to endemic and transboundary disease. An holistic approach across all ruminant livestock industries and long-term commitment is required for control of paratuberculosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-019-1943-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of paratuberculosis: who, why and how. A review of 48 countries

et al. 2019

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“…No difference in the number of services per pregnancy per cow was found in other studies ( 38 , 58 , 67 ). A significantly higher pregnancy rate (the percentage of nonpregnant cows that become pregnant over a 21 day period) was found for infected cows (1.39%, p = 0.0395) in Gonda et al ( 27 ), while no difference between groups was seen in any of the other studies on PTB and pregnancy rate ( 46 , 76 , 77 ). Higher non-return rates for MAP positive cows were found by Marcé et al ( 78 , 79 ), while in the study of Raizman et al ( 51 ) fecal culture positive cows and heavy shedders were 2.8 (OR 95% CI 1.4, 5.7) times less likely to be inseminated again.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

A scoping review on associations between paratuberculosis and productivity in cattle

Griss,

Knific,

Buzzell

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Paratuberculosis (PTB), or Johne’s disease, is a disease with worldwide distribution caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) that leads to chronic enteritis, primarily in ruminants. Even subclinical infection significantly reduces the animals’ performance, and consequences of the disease lead to high economic losses for the cattle industry. To estimate the economic burden of bovine PTB and to evaluate the benefits of a potential control program, accurate estimates of the production effects associated with the disease are required. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review was to provide a comprehensive overview of associations between MAP infection and production parameters in cattle. The studies were collected from three electronic databases. Of the total 1,605 identified studies, 1,432 did not meet the set criteria in the title and abstract screening and a further 106 were excluded during full-text review. Finally, data on 34 different production parameters were extracted from 67 publications. Results show that the magnitude of reported performance losses varies depending on several factors, such as the type of diagnostic test applied, disease status or number of lactations. Studies reported a reduction in milk yield, changes in milk quality (e.g., higher somatic cell count, lower amount of produced milk fat and protein), reduced fertility (e.g., prolonged calving interval and service period, higher abortion rate and calving difficulties), reduced weaning weight, slaughter weight and slaughter value, or a higher risk for mastitis. Results from the studies included in our review show a median decrease of milk yield per infected cow of −452 kg/lactation for raw and −405 kg/lactation for modeled data. Similarly, the amount of produced milk protein fell by a median of −14.41 kg/lactation for modeled data and the amount of produced milk fat by a median of −13.13 kg/lactation. The reviewed studies revealed a prolonged calving interval by around 30 days and a 1.5 to 3 times higher likeliness of culling per lactation in PTB positive animals. Results from this scoping review provide evidence-based inputs for the development of economic models aiming at the estimation of the costs and benefits associated with different disease control scenarios for PTB.

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“…The disease has gained attention worldwide (Kuenstner et al 2017) due to the direct and indirect economic losses it causes (Raizman et al 2009, Bhattarai et al 2013, Garcia & Shalloo 2015. Studies on paratuberculosis show that this complex disease results in changes to several physiological parameters, including lower production (Raizman et al 2009, Bates et al 2018), decreased reproductive rates (Garcia-Ispierto & López-Gatius 2016), and increased levels of mastitis (Wilson 1995, Rossi et al 2017. Recent research has highlighted the role of genetic susceptibility to MAP infections (Kiser et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of paratuberculosis in dairy cows from southern Brazil

et al. 2023

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Bovine paratuberculosis causes chronic, incurable diarrhea and weight loss, resulting in decreased cattle production. The disease is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), an obligate intracellular mycobactin-dependent mycobacterium that replicates slowly in the host and has heightened environmental resistance. In countries where the disease is found and the damage has been quantified, direct and indirect economic losses are extremely high. Local epidemiological data is of paramount importance for the implementation of control programs. Our objective was to verify whether paratuberculosis is present in commercial dairy herds in different mesoregions of RS. Therefore, a prospective, cross-sectional and observational study was performed on dairy cattle from five mesoregions of the RS state, Brazil. Milk samples taken from individual cows on commercial farms were tested using indirect ELISA tests and classified as negative, suspicious, or positive. In herds containing at least one positive cow, we conducted convenience sampling of feces directly from the rectal ampulla to identify MAP through PCR. Of the 362 cows tested, 20 were seroreactive for paratuberculosis from two mesoregions. The PCR tests were all positive; cows with a negative ELISA and positive PCR results probably indicate that the MAP was ingested and eliminated without causing infection. We found that paratuberculosis is likely endemic in the northwest and northeast mesoregions.

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Early Foetal Loss Correlates Positively with Seroconversion againstMycobacterium avium paratuberculosisin High‐Producing Dairy Cows

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Control of paratuberculosis: who, why and how. A review of 48 countries

Control of paratuberculosis: who, why and how. A review of 48 countries

A scoping review on associations between paratuberculosis and productivity in cattle

Detection of paratuberculosis in dairy cows from southern Brazil

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