Early Exposure to Mercuric Chloride or Methylmercury Alters Zebrafish Embryo (Danio rerio) Development

Abbott, Louise C.

doi:10.4172/2375-446x.1000178

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…With progressing age of the larva, myelin tightens, and its amount increases [122]. Classical human (developmental) neurotoxins [123] such as the heavy metals lead [124] and mercury [125], as well as retinoic acid [126] and organophosphates [127] were also shown to alter the behaviour of embryonic and larval zebrafish. Larval behaviour can further be modulated by psychoactive compounds [115,[128][129][130].…”

Section: Neurotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Zebrafish Embryos and Larvae as Alternative Animal Models for Toxicity Testing

Bauer

Mally

Liedtke

2021

IJMS

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Prerequisite to any biological laboratory assay employing living animals is consideration about its necessity, feasibility, ethics and the potential harm caused during an experiment. The imperative of these thoughts has led to the formulation of the 3R-principle, which today is a pivotal scientific standard of animal experimentation worldwide. The rising amount of laboratory investigations utilizing living animals throughout the last decades, either for regulatory concerns or for basic science, demands the development of alternative methods in accordance with 3R to help reduce experiments in mammals. This demand has resulted in investigation of additional vertebrate species displaying favourable biological properties. One prominent species among these is the zebrafish (Danio rerio), as these small laboratory ray-finned fish are well established in science today and feature outstanding biological characteristics. In this review, we highlight the advantages and general prerequisites of zebrafish embryos and larvae before free-feeding stages for toxicological testing, with a particular focus on cardio-, neuro, hepato- and nephrotoxicity. Furthermore, we discuss toxicokinetics, current advances in utilizing zebrafish for organ toxicity testing and highlight how advanced laboratory methods (such as automation, advanced imaging and genetic techniques) can refine future toxicological studies in this species.

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Section: Neurotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Zebrafish Embryos and Larvae as Alternative Animal Models for Toxicity Testing

Bauer

Mally

Liedtke

2021

IJMS

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“…These findings align with those reported previously. [59] HgCl 2 induced a range of abnormalities, such as pericardial edema, lateral (scoliosis) and axial (lordosis) spinal deformations, tail bending, yolk sac malformation, and a reduction in length, which were observed throughout the entire experiment. Similar results were previously reported [29] in ZFE exposed to various concentrations of HgCl 2 for 96 hpf, with observations of tail bending, a reduction in eye diameter, and a decrease in total body length.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of mercury chloride on antioxidant and inflammatory cytokines in zebrafish embryos

Bhai,

Binesh,

Shanmugam

et al. 2023

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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In this study, a zebrafish embryo toxicity model was employed, utilizing 24 h postfertilization (hpf) zebrafish embryos. These embryos were treated with varying concentrations of mercuric chloride for 96 h under static conditions. We assessed multiple parameters that reflected developmental abnormalities, behavioral alterations, morphological anomalies, antioxidant enzyme activities, including those of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione S‐transferase (GST), immune messenger RNA transcription levels of key factors such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‐2), as well as protein expression of TNF‐α. The results revealed that embryos exposed to higher concentrations of mercury exhibited reduced hatchability and increased rates of morphological abnormalities and mortality at 48, 72, and 96 hpf. In addition, a concentration‐dependent increase in developmental abnormalities, including cardiac edema, reduced body length, yolk sac edema, scoliosis, and bent tails, was observed. Larval behaviors, such as touch‐induced escape responses, startle reactions, and turning actions, were found to be diminished in a concentration‐dependent manner. Additionally, the activities of various antioxidative enzymes, such as SOD, CAT, and GST, exhibited an increase at higher mercury concentrations, with the exception of GPX activity, which decreased significantly in a dose‐dependent manner (p < 0.05). Pro‐inflammatory cytokine transcription levels, specifically TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and COX‐2, were significantly upregulated in a dose‐dependent manner in the mercuric (II) chloride (HgCl2) treatment group compared with the control group. TNF‐α protein expression was notably elevated in the larvae group treated with 300 and 400 nM HgCl2.

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“…The skeletal malformation is a general symptom of Hg exposure; Abbott et al [38] observed this effect 24 h after exposure of zebrafish embryos to a concentration of 100-1000 µg•L −1 MeHg, while Dong et al [44] noted that, in the case of medaka fish exposed to a concentration of 0.001-10 µM CH 3 HgCl, skeletal malformations and pericardial oedema appear after ten days.…”

Section: Clinical Studies On Toxicological Effects Of Hgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Review Regarding Mercury Poisoning and Its Complex Involvement in Alzheimer’s Disease

Paduraru

Iacob

Rarinca

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Mercury (Hg) is considered one of the most widespread toxic environmental pollutants, which seems to have multiple effects on organisms even at low concentrations. It has a critical role in many health problems with harmful consequences, with Hg primarily targeting the brain and its components, such as the central nervous system (CNS). Hg exposure was associated with numerous CNS disorders that frequently trigger Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Patients with AD have higher concentrations of Hg in blood and brain tissue. This paper aims to emphasize a correlation between Hg and AD based on the known literature in the occupational field. The outcome shows that all these concerning elements could get attributed to Hg. However, recent studies did not investigate the molecular level of Hg exposure in AD. The present review highlights the interactions between Hg and AD in neuronal degenerations, apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress (OS), mitochondrial malfunctions, gastrointestinal (GI) microflora, infertility and altering gene expression.

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Early Exposure to Mercuric Chloride or Methylmercury Alters Zebrafish Embryo (Danio rerio) Development

Cited by 4 publications

References 68 publications

Zebrafish Embryos and Larvae as Alternative Animal Models for Toxicity Testing

Zebrafish Embryos and Larvae as Alternative Animal Models for Toxicity Testing

Effects of mercury chloride on antioxidant and inflammatory cytokines in zebrafish embryos

Comprehensive Review Regarding Mercury Poisoning and Its Complex Involvement in Alzheimer’s Disease

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