Early experience of COVID-19 in 2 heart transplant recipients: Case reports and review of treatment options

Holzhauser, Luise; Lourenço, Luís; Sarswat, Nitasha; Kim, Gene; Chung, B.; Nguyen, A.

doi:10.1111/ajt.15982

Cited by 62 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Ten reports 25 - 34 described a total of 10 heart transplant recipients with COVID-19 (9 were male), 11 liver transplant recipients with COVID-19 (8 were male), and 2 lung transplant recipients with COVID-19 (Table 2 ). On admission, most patients presented with common symptoms, such as cough, fever, and dyspnea.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients with Pre-existing, Compromised Immune Systems: A Review of Case Reports

Dayan¹,

Kersten²,

Battaglia³

et al. 2020

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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In the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, all COVID-19 patients are naïve patients as it is the first-time humans have been exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. As with exposure to many viruses, individuals with pre-existing, compromised immune systems may be at increased risk of developing severe symptoms and/or dying because of (SARS-CoV-2) infection. To learn more about such individuals, we conducted a search and review of published reports on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with pre-existing, compromised immune systems. Here we present our review of patients who possess pre-existing primary antibody deficiency (PAD) and those who are organ transplant recipients on maintenance immunosuppressants. Our review indicates different clinical outcomes for the patients with pre-existing PAD, depending on the underlying causes. For organ transplant recipients, drug-induced immune suppression alone does not appear to enhance COVID-19 mortality risk - rather, advanced age, comorbidities, and the development of secondary complications appears required.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients with Pre-existing, Compromised Immune Systems: A Review of Case Reports

Dayan¹,

Kersten²,

Battaglia³

et al. 2020

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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“…Regarding treatment, the mainstay treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection remains supportive care. In transplant recipient with long-term immunosuppression, a well balance is needed to overcome the initial viral response and the subsequent inflammatory response [25]. Although treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection among transplant recipients varied by studies, decreasing immunosuppression and starting wide-spectrum antibiotics were the main therapy for most of the patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different clinical presentations of two renal transplant recipients with coronavirus disease 2019: a case report

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2020

BMC Infect Dis

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Background The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 has spread rapidly worldwide and disease spread is currently increasing. Data on the clinical picture of transplant recipients and management of the anti-rejection immunosuppressive therapy on COVID-19 infection are lacking. Case presentation We report two cases of COVID-19 infection in renal transplant recipients with variable clinical presentations. The first patient presented with mild respiratory symptoms and a stable clinical course. The second patient had more severe clinical characteristics and presented with severe pneumonia and multi-organ failure. Both patients received a combination therapy including antiviral treatment and reduced immunosuppression therapy and finally recovered. Conclusions We report COVID-19 infection in two renal transplant recipients with a favorable outcome but different clinical courses, which may provide a reference value for treating such patients.

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“…Since these initial reports, other papers describing the clinical course of COVID-19 in HTR have been published from Germany and the United states. They also featured HTR who were remote from transplant and were mostly receiving relatively low-dose maintenance immunosuppression [2,4,5,7]. Recently, Latif et al described a single-center case series of 28 HTR with con rmed diagnosis of COVID-19 in the United states.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the current context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19), the management of patients with endstage heart failure on the transplant waiting-list is challenging. To date, only few case reports or small case series of COVID-19 in heart transplant recipients (HTR) have been described in China, Spain, Germany, and the United States, with mainly HTR who were remote from transplant [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Herein, we report on two HTR who developed and ultimately died from severe COVID-19, a few days after their urgent transplant procedure (TP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Clinical course and challenging management of early COVID-19 infection after heart transplantation: Case report of two patients

Tchana‐Sato

Ancion

Tridetti

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: There are limited data on Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in solid organ transplant patients and especially in heart transplant recipients with only few case reports and case series described so far. Heart transplant recipients may be at particular high risk due to their comorbidities and immunosuppressed state. Case presentation: This report describes the clinical course and the challenging management of early COVID-19 infection in two heart transplants recipients who were tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the perioperative period of the transplant procedure. The two patients developed a severe form of the disease, and ultimately died despite the initiation of an antiviral monotherapy with hydroxychloroquine coupled with the interruption of mycophenolate mofetil. Conclusions: These two cases illustrate the severity and the poor prognosis of COVID-19 in the perioperative period of a heart transplant. Thorough screening of donors and recipients is mandatory and the issue of asymptomatic carrier need to be addressed.

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Early experience of COVID-19 in 2 heart transplant recipients: Case reports and review of treatment options

Cited by 62 publications

References 40 publications

Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients with Pre-existing, Compromised Immune Systems: A Review of Case Reports

Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients with Pre-existing, Compromised Immune Systems: A Review of Case Reports

Different clinical presentations of two renal transplant recipients with coronavirus disease 2019: a case report

Clinical course and challenging management of early COVID-19 infection after heart transplantation: Case report of two patients

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