Early events associated with periodontal connective tissue attachment formation on titanium and hydroxyapatite surfaces

Abstract

Endosseous dental implants can support at least three types of biomaterial/connective tissue interfaces: osseointegration, fibro-osseous integration, and periodontal connective tissue attachment. Although a periodontal connective tissue attachment offers distinct advantages, only osseointegration and fibro-osseous integration are at present clinically achievable. Recent studies indicate a periodontal regeneration-competent cell population and an appropriate biomaterial substrate both are required for periodontal connective attachment formation on biomaterial surfaces. We therefore have developed an in vitro model to characterize the effects of various biomaterial substrates on the early events of periodontal connective tissue attachment formation. Primary cultures of periodontal ligament and gingival connective tissue cells were cultured on uncoated (control) and coated (titanium- and hydroxyapatite-coated) tissue culture plastic, and the level of cell proliferation, collagen, and noncollagen protein synthesis, alkaline phosphatase activity, and expression of a 42 kD cementum extracellular matrix protein were measured over 5, 7, and 9 days in culture. While all three substrates supported cell attachment, proliferation, and protein synthesis, only uncoated and titanium-coated tissue culture plastic supported expression of the cementum extracellular matrix protein after 9 days of culture. In addition, the levels of cell proliferation and collagen and noncollagen protein synthesis for cells grown on hydroxyapatite-coated surfaces lagged behind cells cultured on the control or titanium-coated surfaces at each of the three time points. These data suggest that biomaterial substrates markedly can influence the temporal sequence of extracellular matrix proteins associated with periodontal connective tissue attachment formation. In addition to surface composition (titanium versus hydroxyapatite), surface properties (e.g., topography) also may have an effect on periodontal connective tissue attachment formation. This model may be of use in designing biomaterials to support the formation of periodontal connective tissue attachment in vivo.

Physical and biological evaluations of sintered hydroxyapatite/silicone composite with covalent bonding for a percutaneous implant material

“…Amino groups in addition to the intact HA surface may influence initial cell adhesion and growth on HA/silicone. The cell‐growth curve for HA/silicone was delayed compared to that of cell culture plastic, the positive control, and finally reached the same level statistically for 72 h. Craig and LeGeros reported levels of HPLF proliferation, and collagen and noncollagen protein synthesis for cells grown on the HA‐coated surface lagged behind cells cultured on the cell‐culture plate 25. This may be because biomaterial substrates depend on the temporal sequence of extracellular matrix proteins associated with periodontal connective tissue attachment, and surface properties such as topography.…”

Effects of Periodontal Cell Grafts and Enamel Matrix Proteins on the Implant–Connective Tissue Interface: A Pilot Study in the Minipig

“…15 We had previously reported that primary cell cultures of rat PDL but not GCT expressed a cementum-associated extracellu- lar matrix protein when cultured on tissue culture plastic or titanium. 8 However, when cultured on amalgam, calcium hydroxide, or gutta percha surfaces, primary PDL cells failed to express the cementum-associated protein. 7 These results reflect, in part, the response of the PDL to these materials in vivo.…”

“…Expression of a cementumassociated extracellular matrix protein, CP42, was determined by a dot blot assay as previously described. 8 Immediately before implant placement, both PDL and GCT cells were released from culture by treatment with trypsin-EDTA and counted. The cells, at a concentration of 4 3 10 6 cells/mL, were transferred to the surgical site in a vehicle of 3% gelatin in DMEM-F12 medium without serum in a tuberculin syringe on ice.…”

Physical Properties of an Ag-Doped Bioactive Flowable Composite Resin

“…This type of sealing could prolong the life of restorations by eliminating secondary caries and micropenetration of oral bacteria [15]. It has been observed that when composite is inserted into a cavity and bonded into more than one dentinal wall, the tooth-bond interface goes into contraction stresses that can exceed the bond strength and may lead to a separation.…”