Early events associated with experimental infection of the murine lung with Rhodococcus equi

Bowles, Pamela M.; Woolcock, J. B.; Mutimer, M. D.

doi:10.1016/0021-9975(89)90024-8

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, bacterial clearance vs. development of pneumonia is dose dependent. Mortality, bacterial burden and development of lesions similar to those seen in foals can be dramatically increased when mice are treated with the immunosuppressive drugs cyclophosphamide or cortisone acetate (Mutimer & Woolcock, 1982; Bowles et al , 1989a, b).…”

Section: Infections By R Equimentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and infection biology of the horse pathogenRhodococcus equi

Bargen

Haas

2009

FEMS Microbiol Rev

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The soil actinomycete Rhodococcus equi is a pulmonary pathogen of young horses and AIDS patients. As a facultative intracellular bacterium, R. equi survives and multiplies in macrophages and establishes its specific niche inside the host cell. Recent research into chromosomal virulence factors and into the role of virulence plasmids in infection and host tropism has presented novel aspects of R. equi infection biology and pathogenicity. This review will focus on new findings in R. equi biology, the trafficking of R. equi-containing vacuoles inside host cells, factors involved in virulence and host resistance and on host-pathogen interaction on organismal and cellular levels.

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Section: Infections By R Equimentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and infection biology of the horse pathogenRhodococcus equi

Bargen

Haas

2009

FEMS Microbiol Rev

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“…In addition, a number of organisms survive, apparently within macrophages. Successful defense against this surviving population appeared to require specific cell-mediated immunity (17). Mice challenged intranasally with R. equi following cyclophosphamide administration often developed fatal infection in contrast to untreated mice, suggesting the importance of functional cellular immunity in protection against infection (112).…”

Section: Natural Infections In Other Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhodococcus equi: an animal and human pathogen

1991

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Recent isolations of Rhodococcus equi from cavitatory pulmonary disease in patients with AIDS have aroused interest among medical microbiologists in this unusual organism. Earlier isolations from humans had also been in immunosuppressed patients following hemolymphatic tumors or renal transplantation. This organism has been recognized for many years as a cause of a serious pyogranulomatous pneumonia of young foals and is occasionally isolated from granulomatous lesions in several other species, in some cases following immunosuppression. The last decade has seen many advances in understanding of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and immunity to infection in foals. The particular susceptibility of the foal is not understood but can be explained in part by a combination of heavy challenge through the respiratory route coinciding with declining maternally derived antibody in the absence of fully competent foal cellular immune mechanisms. R. equi is largely a soil organism but is widespread in the feces of herbivores. Its growth in soil is considerably improved by simple nutrients it obtains from herbivore manure. About one-third of human patients who have developed R. equi infections had contact in some way with herbivores or their manure. Others may have acquired infection from contact with soil or wild bird manure. R. equi is an intracellular parasite, which explains the typical pyogranulomatous nature of R. equi infections, the predisposition to infection in human patients with defective cell-mediated immune mechanisms, and the efficacy of antimicrobial drugs that penetrate phagocytic cells.

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“…The bacteria are then progressively cleared within a few weeks (23). Following respiratory challenge, the bacteria multiply mainly in the lungs and pneumonia can occur with inocula higher than 107 organisms (2,3,23); the course of the pneumonia is shorter than that in foals (2,28). As in foals, R. equi is found within macrophages (3).…”

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confidence: 99%

Role of T-lymphocyte subsets in Rhodococcus equi infection

1992

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Rhodococcus equi, a facultative intracellular gram-positive bacterium, can induce life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients, especially those with AIDS. We have studied the mechanism of acquired immunity to this pathogen in a murine model. Protective immunity was induced by live but not killed bacteria. Adoptive transfer of resistance was obtained with spleen cells but not immune serum from mice immunized intravenously 30 days earlier with live bacteria. In normal mice, an intravenous challenge of 5 x 10(6) CFU of R. equi was cleared from the spleen, liver, and lungs within 3 weeks, whereas athymic nude mice were unable to clear the bacteria. In vivo depletion with monoclonal antibodies showed that both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets participate in the clearance of bacteria and that CD8+ T cells play the major role.

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Early events associated with experimental infection of the murine lung with Rhodococcus equi

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Molecular and infection biology of the horse pathogenRhodococcus equi

Molecular and infection biology of the horse pathogenRhodococcus equi

Rhodococcus equi: an animal and human pathogen

Role of T-lymphocyte subsets in Rhodococcus equi infection

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