Early diagnosis of scoliosis based on school-screening.

Pin, Liu; Mo, Lin; Li, Lin; Hua, L K; Hui, Hua-Ying; Hui, D S; Chang, Ben; Chang, Y Y; Yuan, Lijuan

doi:10.2106/00004623-198567080-00009

Cited by 37 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…The overall prevalence of scoliosis in various parts of the world may differ due to regional and ethnic differences [21]. Moreover, results from different studies may not be comparable because methods and diagnostic criteria are not standardized [15]. In other reports, the prevalence of scoliosis varies from 0.5-3%, for de- formities e10 degrees [2,8,9,18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of scoliosis and cost-effectiveness of screening in schools in Turkey

Uğraş

Yılmaz

Sungur

et al. 2010

BMR

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The study was intended determine the prevalence of scoliosis and to assess the cost-effectiveness of a school screening program for scoliosis in Turkey. A total of 4259 children (2057 females and 2022 males aged 10-14 years old) were screened. Thirty-nine children had a positive forward bending test. The prevalence of scoliosis was 25 per 1000 in the screened population. The ratio of girls to boys with scoliosis was 2.5:1. A minor curve was detected in 72.7% of children with scoliosis (Cobb angle of 10-20 degrees), and a major curve was found in 27.3% (Cobb angle >20 degrees). The cost of screening was found to be 47 cents per child, but the cost per case of scoliosis was determined to be $236.81. School screening for scoliosis seems to be cost-effective in Turkey.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of scoliosis and cost-effectiveness of screening in schools in Turkey

Uğraş

Yılmaz

Sungur

et al. 2010

BMR

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“…School-based screening can be used to identify children who may have scoliosis as well as those who may be at high risk for the disease; however, the screening procedure should not be considered a diagnostic test [41]. Several techniques have been described for the early detection of scoliosis through school-based screening, and the most widely used method is the forward bending test developed by Adams [29,31,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiopathic scoliosis in Korean schoolchildren: a prospective screening study of over 1 million children

et al. 2011

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Cross-sectional epidemiologic scoliosis screening was carried out to determine the current prevalence of scoliosis in the Korean population and to compare with the results of previous studies. Between 2000 and 2008, 1,134,890 schoolchildren underwent scoliosis screening. The children were divided into two age groups, 10-12-year-olds (elementary school) and 13-14-year-olds (middle school), to calculate age- and sex-specific prevalence rates. Children with a scoliometer reading ≥5° were referred for radiograms. Two surgeons independently measured curve types, magnitudes, and Risser scores (inter-observer r = 0.964, intra-observer r = 0.978). Yearly and overall prevalence rates of scoliosis were calculated. There were 584,554 boys and 550,336 girls in the sample, with a male to female ratio of 1.1:1. There were 77,910 (6.2%) children (26,824 boys and 51,086 girls) with scoliometer readings >5°, and 37,339 of them had positive results with Cobb angles ≥10° (positive predictive value, 46.4%). The overall scoliosis prevalence rate was 3.26%; girls had a higher prevalence (4.65%) than boys (1.97%). Prevalence rates increased progressively from 1.66 to 6.17% between 2000 and 2008, with the exception of 2002. According to age and gender, 10-12-year-old girls had the highest scoliosis prevalence rates (5.57%), followed by 13-14-year-old girls (3.90%), 10-12-year-old boys (2.37%), and 13-14-year-old boys (1.42%). In girls and boys, prevalence rates dropped by 64.53 and 60.65% among 10-12-year-olds and 13-14-year-olds, respectively (P = 0.00). The proportion of 10°-19° curves was 95.25 and 84.45% in boys and girls, respectively; and the proportion of 20°-29° curves was 3.91 and 11.28%, which was a significant difference (P = 0.00). Thoracic curves were the most common (47.59%) followed by thoracolumbar/lumbar (40.10%), double (9.09%), and double thoracic (3.22%) curves. A comparison of the curve patterns revealed significant differences between genders (P = 0.00). We present this report as a guide for studying the prevalence of idiopathic scoliosis in a large population, and the increasing trend in the prevalence of idiopathic scoliosis emphasizes the need for awareness.

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“…Thus, critical opinions highlight inaccuracy (Wong et al, 1997;Karachalios et al, 1999;Fong et al, 2010), referral for unnecessary treatment and X-ray exposure (Wiegersma et al, 1998;Yawn et al, 1999;National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), 2002;, cost/ benefit ineffectiveness (Ashworth et al, 1988;Yawn and Yawn, 2000), psychosocial stigma caused by labeling the patients (Dickson and Weinstein, 1999;NHMRC, 2002), and insufficient evidence for effectiveness of bracing (Dickson and Weinstein, 1999;, as well as for lower surgery rates in cases detected by screening (Bunnell, 1993;Wiegersma et al, 1998;Karachalios et al, 2000;Korfage et al, 2002). Supporters quote scientific value (Grivas et al, 2007b(Grivas et al, , 2008b(Grivas et al, , 2008c, low cost (Pruijs et al, 1996;Soucacos et al, 1997;Grivas et al, 2007a;Thilagaratnam, 2007;Ugras et al, 2010), advantages of a timely intervention and decreased surgery rate (Montgomery and Willner, 1993;Bunnell, 2005;Richards and Vitale, 2008), benefits of better health awareness (Pin et al, 1985), and opportunities for improving (Grivas et al, 2007b(Grivas et al, , 2008a(Grivas et al, , 2008bLeone et al, 2010) and implementing the procedure for other health problems (Kapoor et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for scoliosis

Płaszewski

Nowobilski

Kowalski

et al. 2012

International Journal of Rehabilitation Research

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Idiopathic scoliosis affects 2-3% of adolescents. Large, progressing deformities, mostly present in girls, may lead to pulmonary complications, pain symptoms, the feeling of social isolation, and even mental disorders. The correlation of screening programs with surgery rate reduction and the clinical effectiveness of bracing remain a matter of debate. Critics indicate overdetection, qualification for therapy of insignificant curves, unjustified treatment, and risks of psychological side effects, whereas supporters underline the need for screening, and suggest improvements. It remains unclear whether such opposite opinions are based on sound evidence. To identify relevant studies, guidelines, and recommendations, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. The levels of evidence presented in selected studies and grading of recommendations reported in available guidelines and recommendation statements were assessed using the SIGN scoring system. Screening programs are legislated, recommended, or not recommended in different American states. British and Canadian screening recommendations do not mention scoliosis; Australian boards recommend against scoliosis screening programs. Other publications such as Singapore, Turkish, and Malaysian publications underline the cost-effectiveness and clinical importance of the procedures. Different Greek authors postulate the benefits and harms caused by the programs to many schoolchildren. Such a polarity illustrates the topicality of the quality of scientific evidence analyses and the significance of the grading of the recommendations process. It appears that critical opinions often result from implementing such analyses, whereas those supporting the programs tend to value the importance of expert opinions.

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Early diagnosis of scoliosis based on school-screening.

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence of scoliosis and cost-effectiveness of screening in schools in Turkey

Prevalence of scoliosis and cost-effectiveness of screening in schools in Turkey

Idiopathic scoliosis in Korean schoolchildren: a prospective screening study of over 1 million children

Screening for scoliosis

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