Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer in the Absence of Population-Based Mammographic Screening in Asia

Yip, Cheng Har; Taib, Nur Aishah Mohd; Song, Chin Vern; Singh, Rajesh Kumar; Agarwal, Gaurav

doi:10.1007/s12609-018-0279-6

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Clinical evaluation includes Clinical Breast Examination (CBE) which successfully reduces stage at diagnosis, which may translate to improve breast cancer survival with longer followup. In addition, CBE may have an educational component whereby women with new breast lumps may seek care earlier [15]. Hence, there is a need to designing and implementing effective health educational programs that increase women's awareness about breast cancer and promote screening steps to reduce the burden affected by breast cancer among women in LMICs [13].…”

Section: Breast Cancer Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Detection of Breast Cancer a Need in LMICs

Rattani¹

2020

Act Sci wom hea

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and Sweden [4]. However, breast cancerrelated mortality is high in LMICs [5,6] where the majority of the cases are diagnosed at the late stages of the disease [7]. Factors contributing to late diagnosis include lack of awareness about breast cancer, poverty, cultural and religious beliefs, misconceptions about the disease, fear of mastectomy, women's lack of autonomy in health-related decision making [6], lack of adequate diagnosis, and treatment facilities [8]. Consequently, when diagnosed the disease is at the 3 rd or 4 th stage of cancer. Whereas, more than 90% of women are diagnosed early when they have a locoregional disease in HICs [6]. The early diagnosis of cancer, combined with an accessible, and affordable effective treatment, results in improvements in both the stage of cancer at presentation and mortality from cancer [9].

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Section: Breast Cancer Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Detection of Breast Cancer a Need in LMICs

Rattani¹

2020

Act Sci wom hea

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“…In Asian countries, known breast cancer risk factors are less prevalent; however, the prevalence of dense breasts is high [ 6 ] and screening mammography programs have only started in some countries [ 15 ]. Furthermore, the evaluation of the relationship of mammographic density and breast cancer risk, considering its interaction with other risk factors, has been limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogenous Effect of Risk Factors on Breast Cancer across the Breast Density Categories in a Korean Screening Population

Park

Lim

Ahn

et al. 2020

Cancers

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We evaluated the heterogeneity of the effect of known risk factors on breast cancer development based on breast density by using the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS). In total, 4,898,880 women, aged 40–74 years, who participated in the national breast cancer screening program in 2009–2010 were followed up to December 2018. Increased age showed a heterogeneous association with breast cancer (1-year hazard ratio (HR) = 0.92, 1.00 (reference), 1.03, and 1.03 in women with BI-RADS density category 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; P-heterogeneity < 0.001). More advanced age at menopause increased breast cancer risk in all BI-RADS categories. This was more prominent in women with BI-RADS density category 1 but less prominent in women in other BI-RADS categories (P-heterogeneity = 0.009). In postmenopausal women, a family history of breast cancer, body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2, and smoking showed a heterogeneous association with breast cancer across all BI-RADS categories. Other risk factors including age at menarche, menopause, hormone replacement therapy after menopause, oral contraceptive use, and alcohol consumption did not show a heterogeneous association with breast cancer across the BI-RADS categories. Several known risk factors of breast cancer had a heterogeneous effect on breast cancer development across breast density categories, especially in postmenopausal women.

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“…Moreover, mammography showed less effective performance on women under 50 years old [8], while most women in Indonesia are diagnosed with breast cancer precisely at these younger ages [9]. Thus, other screening methods are more appropriate in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) where women do not have access to more advanced screening methods such as mammography [10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast self-examination as a route to early detection in a lower middle-income country: Assessing psychosocial determinants among women in Surabaya, Indonesia

Dewi

Ruiter

Diering

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Breast cancer has become public health concern in Indonesia. Regular breast self-examination (BSE) is considered an important first step for its early detection, especially in countries with limited healthcare access, as it is the case in Indonesia. This study aimed to confirm and assess the psychosocial determinants of intention to perform BSE and BSE performance. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 204 women aged 18–65 years in Surabaya, Indonesia. A 64-item survey was conducted, included variables from Reasoned Action Approach, and Health Belief Model, presented questions about demographics, breast cancer knowledge and behavior related to BSE. Results: Two hundred and four respondents completed the survey and were included in the study. Most women (72.5%) expressed intention to perform BSE; however, only 7.8% and 2.9% performed BSE per week and per month, respectively, in the past year. Breast cancer knowledge and attitudes towards BSE were uniquely associated with BSE performance. Perceived behavioral control (PBC) and BSE attitudes were unique correlates of intention. Perceived benefits and barriers and subjective norms were significantly associated with intention and BSE behavior in bivariate analyses. Conclusions: Breast screening education should incorporate strategies for improving attitudes towards BSE, PBC and breast cancer knowledge with perceived benefits and barriers and subjective norms as relevant targets.

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Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer in the Absence of Population-Based Mammographic Screening in Asia

Cited by 18 publications

References 44 publications

Early Detection of Breast Cancer a Need in LMICs

Early Detection of Breast Cancer a Need in LMICs

Heterogenous Effect of Risk Factors on Breast Cancer across the Breast Density Categories in a Korean Screening Population

Breast self-examination as a route to early detection in a lower middle-income country: Assessing psychosocial determinants among women in Surabaya, Indonesia

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