Early development of the facial nerve in human embryos at stages 13–15

Weglowski, M.; Woźniak, W; Piotrowski, A; Bruska, M; Weglowska, J.; Sobanski, J.; Grzymisławska, Małgorzata; Lupicka, J

doi:10.5603/fm.2015.0039

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Likewise, previous descriptions of cranial nerve development did not include the anatomy of the sphenoid (e.g., Gasser, 1967;Weglowski et al, 2015). Consequently, the aim of the present study was to clarify early fetal developmental changes in the cartilaginous sphenoid and parasympathetic nervous system.…”

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confidence: 91%

“…However, to our knowledge, development of the ala temporalis has not been described in relation to the developing otic and pterygopalatine ganglia, in spite of the intimate topographical relationship that exists between them. Likewise, previous descriptions of cranial nerve development did not include the anatomy of the sphenoid (e.g., Gasser, ; Weglowski et al, ). Consequently, the aim of the present study was to clarify early fetal developmental changes in the cartilaginous sphenoid and parasympathetic nervous system.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Early Fetal Development of the Otic and Pterygopalatine Ganglia with Special Reference to the Topographical Relationship with the Developing Sphenoid Bone

Yamamoto

Cho

Murakami

et al. 2018

The Anatomical Record

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The otic and pterygopalatine ganglia are located close to the greater wing (alisphenoid) of the sphenoid bone and many researchers have noted nerves connecting these ganglia in human embryos. The greater wing (alisphenoid) arises from the cartilaginous ala temporalis independently of the lesser wing, but no topographical changes between this cartilage and nerve elements have been demonstrated. We examined histological sections of 20 human embryos and fetuses from 6 to 15 weeks of development (WD). At 6 WD, the ala temporalis, the alar process and ganglia were all identified as a single, undifferentiated cell mass. Subsequently, the two ganglia became identifiable, but were continuous on the superior side of the initial ala temporalis. The temporal, superior spine of the ala temporalis was surrounded by the part that connected the ganglia. At 7 WD, the superior spine of the ala temporalis was reduced in size and the continuity of these ganglia was lost. At this point, a secondarily-formed communicating branch between the ganglia, the nervus sphenoidalis was first identifiable. At 9 WD, the ala temporalis and the alar process had clearly become cartilages, and the anterior end of the otic ganglion was separated from the ala temporalis. The nervus sphenoidalis became longer. At 15 WD, the otic and pterygopalatine ganglia were clear separated from the alisphenoid, which consisted of the cartilaginous ala temporalis and membranous bone. Consequently, the separation between the otic and pterygopalatine ganglia seemed to be due to the developing ala temporalis. Anat Rec, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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confidence: 91%

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confidence: 99%

Early Fetal Development of the Otic and Pterygopalatine Ganglia with Special Reference to the Topographical Relationship with the Developing Sphenoid Bone

Yamamoto

Cho

Murakami

et al. 2018

The Anatomical Record

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“…later, the posterior segment of the nasal fin is reduced in thickness, forming an oronasal membrane that eventually breaks and creates a patent choana (Fig. 3) (Gaare and langman, 1977;hasso and kim-miller, 2006;Piotrowski et al, 2011;rudé et al, 1994). in birds, turtles, and squamates, on the other hand, there is no formation of a nasal fin or oronasal membrane.…”

Section: Histological Analysis Of Developmental Progression In the Or...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the developing axolotl nasal cavity supports multiple evolution of the vertebrate choana

Chami,

Bates,

Shaheen

et al. 2023

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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All tetrapods (mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians) share the ability to breathe with their mouths closed due to the formation of choanae, which are openings that allow communication between the nasal and oral cavities. In most fishes, the nasal cavities serve a strictly olfactory function, possessing incurrent and excurrent nares that lie outside of the mouth and therefore, never communicate with the respiratory system. It is not until the evolution of tetrapods, in which the nasal cavities consistently open into the mouth, that they are used both for olfaction and for respiration. However, this developmental transition is poorly understood, with no consensus on the evolutionary origin of the choana in various groups despite decades of debate. Here, we use high-contrast 3D imaging in conjunction with histology and apoptotic cell analysis in non-mineralized embryonic tissues to study the formation of the choana in the axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum), an aquatic salamander species. We show that the axolotl choana forms from an extension of the embryonic nasal sac, which pushes through intervening mesenchyme and connects with the palate epithelium of the oral cavity, eventually breaking through. This mechanism differs from caecilians, mammals and reptiles, where fusion across a bucconasal groove plays an active role in choana formation. Nevertheless, caecilians, mammals and axolotls converge on the development of a transient epithelial tissue that has to break down in order to develop a patent choana, adding another twist to the intriguing arguments on the evolutionary history of the choana.

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“…This suggests that placodal contributions to motor innervation from the trigeminal ganglion is limited and that a segregation of function is present between the crest and placodal populations in the ganglion, with the later playing a mainly sensory role. However, previous research suggests that cranial ganglia involved in strictly motor function (ciliary, oculomotor) with no sensory contributions are also composed of a combination of crest and placodal cells similar to the trigeminal(Lee et al 2003, Weglowski et al 2015, thus it is unlikely that a segregation of function is at play in the trigeminal ganglion. Future research should expand the analysis presented in this study to other cranial ganglia with differing precursor contributions, as well as examine the effect of Mllt11 loss on sensory fibres.With respect to possible molecular targets of Mllt11 action in nerve development, we previously identified a/b Tubulins, Actin and atypical Myosins as potential Mllt11-interaction targets in the fetal brain (Stanton-Turcotte et al 2022).…”

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confidence: 99%

Innervation of cranial muscles requires Mllt11/Af1q/Tcf7c function during trigeminal ganglion development

Zinck,

Stanton-Turcotte,

Witt

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The development of cranial nerves, including the trigeminal nerve, and the formation of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) are crucial processes for craniofacial motor function. Mllt11/Af1q/Tcf7c (henceforth Mllt11), a novel type of cytoskeletal-interacting protein, has been implicated in neuronal migration and neuritogenesis during central nervous system development. However, its role in peripheral nerve development and NMJ formation remains poorly understood. This study investigates the function of Mllt11 during trigeminal ganglion development and its impact on motor innervation of the masseter muscle. We report Mllt11 expression in the developing trigeminal ganglia, suggesting a potential role in cranial nerve development. Using a conditional knockout mouse model to delete Mllt11 in Wnt1-expressing neural crest cells, we assessed trigeminal ganglion development and innervation of the masseter muscle in the jaw. Surprisingly, we find that Mllt11 loss does not affect the initial formation of the trigeminal ganglion but disrupts its cellular composition, with a reduction in the ratio of neural crest-derived Sox10+ cells relative to placode-derived Isl1/2+ cells. Furthermore, our study demonstrates that conditional Mllt11 knockout leads to reduction of neurofilament density and NMJs within the masseter muscle, indicating altered trigeminal motor innervation. Our findings show that Mllt11 regulates the cellular composition of the trigeminal ganglion and is essential for proper trigeminal motor innervation in the masseter muscle.

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Early development of the facial nerve in human embryos at stages 13–15

Abstract: Study was made on 16 human embryos at developmental stages 13-15 (fifth week). The facial nerve was traced on serial sections made in three planes (sagittal, frontal and horizontal)

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

Early Fetal Development of the Otic and Pterygopalatine Ganglia with Special Reference to the Topographical Relationship with the Developing Sphenoid Bone

Early Fetal Development of the Otic and Pterygopalatine Ganglia with Special Reference to the Topographical Relationship with the Developing Sphenoid Bone

Characterization of the developing axolotl nasal cavity supports multiple evolution of the vertebrate choana

Innervation of cranial muscles requires Mllt11/Af1q/Tcf7c function during trigeminal ganglion development

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