Early determinants of development: a lipid perspective

Carlson, Susan E.

doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.27113g

Cited by 62 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…DHA at 0.32% total FA is the level currently added to many infant formulas. Higher levels may provide further benefit for visual acuity and cognition, especially in target populations with endogenously low DHA status (5,9,11). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart arachidonic acid is uniquely sensitive to dietary arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid content in domestic piglets

Tyburczy

Kothapalli

Park

et al. 2011

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids

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This study determined the sensitivity of heart and brain arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to the dietary ARA level in a dose-response design with constant, high DHA in neonatal piglets. On day 3 of age, pigs were assigned to 1 of 6 dietary formulas varying in ARA/DHA as follows (% fatty acid, FA/FA): (A1) 0.1/1.0; (A2) 0.53/1.0; (A3-D3) 0.69/1.0; (A4) 1.1/1.0; (D2) 0.67/0.62; (D1) 0.66/0.33. At necropsy (day 28) higher levels of dietary ARA were associated with increased heart and liver ARA, while brain ARA remained unaffected. Dietary ARA had no effect on tissue DHA accretion. Heart was particularly sensitive, with pigs in the intermediate groups having different ARA (A2, 18.6 ± 0.7%; A3, 19.4 ± 1.0%) and a 0.17% increase in dietary ARA resulted in a 0.84% increase in heart ARA. Further investigations are warranted to determine the clinical significance of heart ARA status in developing neonates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart arachidonic acid is uniquely sensitive to dietary arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid content in domestic piglets

Tyburczy

Kothapalli

Park

et al. 2011

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids

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“…Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) arachidonic acid (20:4n-6, ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) are essential for optimal health, cognition and development during fetal and early postnatal life [1, 2]. Dietary LC-PUFA intake and endogenous synthesis of LC-PUFA from precursor polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) namely, linoleic acid (18:2n-6, LA) and linolenic acid (18:3n-3, LNA), are key determinants of LC-PUFA accretion during early development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All breast milks reported to date contain ARA and DHA [1, 17]. Mean values of ARA and DHA reported in human breast milk worldwide are 0.47 ± 0.13% (range 0.24-1.0% TFA) and 0.32% ± 0.22 (range 0.06-1.4% TFA) respectively, although DHA intake varied widely depending on maternal intake [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid regulate liver fatty acid desaturase (FADS) alternative transcript expression in suckling piglets

Wijendran¹,

Downs²,

Srigley³

et al. 2013

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids

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Molecular regulation of fatty acid desaturase (Fads) gene expression by dietary arachidonic (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) during early postnatal period, when the demand for long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) is very high, has not been well defined. The objective of the current study was to determine regulation of liver Fads1, Fads2 and Fads3 classical (CS) and alternative transcripts (AT) expression by dietary ARA and DHA, within the physiological range present in human breast milk, in suckling piglets. Piglets were fed one of six milk replacer formula diets (Formula-reared groups, FR) with varying ARA and DHA content from days 3-28 of age. The ARA/DHA levels of the six formula diets were as follows (% total fatty acid, FA/FA): (A1) 0.1/1.0; (A2) 0.53/1.0; (A3-D3) 0.69/1.0; (A4) 1.1/1.0; (D2) 0.67/0.62; (D1) 0.66/0.33. The control maternal-reared (MR) group remained with the dam. Fads1 expression was not significantly different between FR and MR groups. Fads2 expression was down-regulated significantly in diets with 1:1 ratio of ARA:DHA, compared to MR. Fads2 AT1 expression was highly correlated to Fads2 expression. Fads3 AT7 was the only Fads3 transcript sensitive to dietary LC-PUFA intake and was up-regulated in the formula diets with lowest ARA and DHA content compared to MR. Thus, the present study provides evidence that the proportion of dietary ARA:DHA is a significant determinant of Fads2 expression and LC-PUFA metabolism during the early post-natal period. Further, the data suggest that Fads3 AT7 may have functional significance when dietary supply of ARA and DHA are low during early development.

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“…Thus, completely fat-free albumin molecules are more susceptible to degradation than those bearing one or two longchain fatty acids. Taken together, the many theoretical benefits of early lipid administration to premature infants warrant new large trials [56,57 ].…”

Section: Energy and Quality Of Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Nutritional support for extremely low-birth weight infants: abandoning catabolism in the neonatal intensive care unit

Akker

Vlaardingerbroek

Goudoever

2010

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care

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Early determinants of development: a lipid perspective

Cited by 62 publications

References 99 publications

Heart arachidonic acid is uniquely sensitive to dietary arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid content in domestic piglets

Heart arachidonic acid is uniquely sensitive to dietary arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid content in domestic piglets

Dietary arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid regulate liver fatty acid desaturase (FADS) alternative transcript expression in suckling piglets

Nutritional support for extremely low-birth weight infants: abandoning catabolism in the neonatal intensive care unit

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