Early Descriptions of Vitreous Surgery

Abstract

Background: Vitreoretinal surgical techniques have evolved during the last decades because of the development and evolution of pars plana vitrectomy. The introduction of modern vitrectomy is credited to Robert Machemer . The aim of this review is to characterize the early developments of vitreous removal.Methods: We used the PubMed web platform to search the terms: complications of cataract surgery, vitrectomy, vitreous body, vitreous humor, vitreous humour, vitreous tap, and vitreous transplantation. Other publications were also considered as a potential source of information when referenced in relevant articles.Results: The first description of vitreous removal for treatment of eye disorders dates the 17th century; it was conducted by a Dutch surgeon Anton Nuck (1650-1692) in a case of hydrophthalmia. In English literature, the first description of vitrectomy is attributed to the American surgeon John Collins Warren (1778-1856). This method was implemented in the spontaneous dislocation of the crystalline lens. As the fibrillar structure of the vitreous once destroyed could not be regenerated, the researchers aimed to restore the chemical composition of the vitreous. For several decades, vitreous transplantation was performed for the treatment of vitreous hemorrhages and retinal detachment.Conclusion: Although the achievements of vitreoretinal surgery preceding Machemer's inventions are uncommonly reported, they have contributed to the concept and understanding of the treatment modalities.RETINA 41:1364-1372, 2021V itreoretinal surgical techniques have evolved during the last decades because of the development and evolution of pars plana vitrectomy. The introduction of modern vitrectomy is credited to Robert Machemer (1933Machemer ( -2009. 1 The most important consecutive developments include smaller gauge instrumentation, higher cut speed, improved illumination systems, better microscopes, and the use of perfluorocarbon liquids. These well-known improvements have increased the efficacy and safety of contemporary vitrectomy. The variety of conditions that can be successfully treated with vitreoretinal surgery has greatly expanded and includes complications of diabetic retinopathy, vitreous opacities, epiretinal membranes, macular holes, and retinal detachments. Although the achievements of vitreoretinal surgery preceding Machemer's inventions are uncommonly reported, they have contributed to the concept and understanding of the treatment modalities. AimThe aim of this study is to characterize the early developments of vitreous removal. Focus was placed From the

The multiprobe: a revolutionary concept for vitreoretinal surgery

“…Approaching the vitreous body is of paramount importance when treating a considerable range of eye diseases. Reports of primordial vitrectomy attempts have been noted since the 17th century, 1 but only starting from the early 1970s has the procedure achieved its modern rationale and high standards. 2 The concept of vitrectomy involves a pars plana approach, where, as in abdominal video-laparoscopic surgery, the vitreous cavity is reached by means of three trocars, normally used for illumination, fluid infusion and surgical instruments.…”

“…Approaching the vitreous body is of paramount importance when treating a considerable range of eye diseases. Reports of primordial vitrectomy attempts have been noted since the 17th century, 1 but only starting from the early 1970s has the procedure achieved its modern rationale and high standards. 2 …”

Silicone oil emulsification: A literature review and role of widefield imaging and ultra-widefield imaging with navigated central and peripheral optical coherence tomography technology

“…[ 1 2 3 ] These advancements have significantly transformed the landscape of vitreoretinal surgical interventions, with the evolution of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) playing a particularly pivotal role. [ 2 4 5 ]…”

Altmetric and Bibliographic Analysis of the Most Popular Articles on Vitreoretinal Surgery Between 2010 and 2020

“…In 1970, Machemer et al performed a closed system pars plana vitrectomy for the first time. Since then, there have been many important developments in VRS technology, and it continues to evolve [ 11 , 12 ].…”