Early cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of atrazine on Wistar rat liver: A morphological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, and molecular study

Toxicity of Herbicides: Impact on Aquatic and Soil Biota and Human Health

“…Tests performed by Ventura et al [8] showed that the same triazine pesticide was able to induce significant DNA fragmentation when using the comet assay, and nuclear alterations and micronuclei using the micronucleus test in Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) erythrocytes exposed to different concentrations of atrazine (6.25, 12.5, 25 µg/L), thus corroborating the studies performed by Campos-Pereira et al [91].…”

“…Studies about the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and mutagenicity of the atrazine herbicide (oral gavage -dose 400 mg/kg/day), carried out by Campos-Pereira et al [91], have shown the induction of lipid peroxidation and liver damage, death of hepatocytes, and micronucleus formation in exposed Wistar rats. Tests performed by Ventura et al [8] showed that the same triazine pesticide was able to induce significant DNA fragmentation when using the comet assay, and nuclear alterations and micronuclei using the micronucleus test in Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) erythrocytes exposed to different concentrations of atrazine (6.25, 12.5, 25 µg/L), thus corroborating the studies performed by Campos-Pereira et al [91].…”

Hemato-biochemical and Genetic Damage Caused by Triazophos in Fresh Water Fish, Labeo rohita

“…Earlier studies have indicated that nuclear alterations in erythrocytes could be due to chromosomal abnormalities induced by variety of toxic substances (Hussain et al, 2012). The lobed and blebbed nuclei erythrocyte in present study could be due to failure of tubulin polymerization, oxidation of mRNA and nitration of proteins which have impact on intracellular metabolism (Campos-Pereira et al, 2012;Hussain et al, 2014). The concentration of different serum enzymes including ALT, AST and ALP increased significantly in insecticide exposed fish.…”

“…The formation of micronucleus and lobed nucleus erythrocyte in our study could also be due to higher production of caspase activated DNase leading to cleavage of cytoskeletal (vimentin, gelsolin and fodrin) and nuclear proteins as a result of oxidative stress to mitochondrion . These cytopathogenic alterations could be due to increased process of lipid peroxidation resulting to increased generation of intracellular reactive oxygen and nitrogenous species (Campos-Pereira et al, 2012;Hussain et al, 2012;. Earlier studies have indicated that nuclear alterations in erythrocytes could be due to chromosomal abnormalities induced by variety of toxic substances (Hussain et al, 2012).…”

Evaluation of the genotoxic activity of dicamba and atrazine herbicides in several Mexican and South American varieties of sweetcorn (Zea mays L.)

“…In 2009, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) decided to reassess the risks to health and the environment posed by atrazine, moreover, Srivastava and Mishra (2009) reported the effect on mitotic index and an increase in the number of chromosomal aberrations in plants. In other bioassays including earthworm, quail, micro-algae, fish, rodents, human lymphocytes, HepG2 cells, and plants, the genotoxic activity of atrazine was evident (García-Villada and Reboud, 2009;Song et al, 2009;Powell et al, 2011;Campos-Pereira et al, 2012;Nwani et al, 2011).…”