Early cretaceous subduction-related adakite-like rocks of the Gangdese Belt, southern Tibet: Products of slab melting and subsequent melt–peridotite interaction?

The formation of Qulong adakites and their relationship with porphyry copper deposit: Geochemical constraints

“…(Hou et al, 2004b;Qin et al, 2014) and this study, Gangdese Miocene adakites (Gao et al, 2010a;Hou et al, 2004bHou et al, , 2012Wang et al, 2010;Xu et al, 2010), Yarlung Tsangpo ophiolite (Miller et al, 2003;Niu et al, 2006;Xu and Castillo, 2004;Zhang et al, 2005), Linzizong volcanic rocks (Gao et al, 2008;Mo et al, 2007), Indian Ocean pelagic sediment (Benothman et al, 1989), Himalayan basement (Vidal et al, 1982). Cretaceous adakites: Zhu et al (2009);Jurassic porphyries: Yang et al (2011); Miocene adakites: Gao et al (2010b), Hou et al (2013), Hou et al (2004b) and Wang et al (2010). Lhasa crustal basement and the lower crust component of the Lhasa terrane proposed by Zhu et al (2012a) and Miller et al (1999) respectively.…”

Petrogenesis of the Early Eocene adakitic rocks in the Napuri area, southern Lhasa: Partial melting of thickened lower crust during slab break-off and implications for crustal thickening in southern Tibet

“…The adakitic intrusive rocks within the Gangdese batholith are considered to have been generated in two main stages, the Jurassic-Cretaceous (160-77 Ma) and : (1) Jurassic-Cretaceous adakitic rocks generated in an arc setting were related to Neo-Tethyan subduction processes, by melting of either subducted oceanic slabs (e.g., Jiang et al, 2012;Ma et al, 2013a;Wei et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2010b;Zhu et al, 2009) or thickened mafic continental lower crust (e.g., Guan et al, 2010;Wen et al, 2008b); (2) Cenozoic adakitic rocks occurring as small-volume plugs or dikes/sills, which intrude or crosscut the Gangdese batholith, the Linzizong volcanic successions and associated sedimentary formations, and extend~1300 km across nearly the entire southern Lhasa (Fig. 1b) (e.g., Chung et al, 2003Chung et al, , 2005Chung et al, , 2009Gao et al, 2007Gao et al, , 2010Guan et al, 2012;Guo et al, 2007;Hou et al, 2004Hou et al, , 2012Ji et al, 2012;Jiang et al, 2011Jiang et al, , 2014Pan et al, 2012;Xu et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2010a).…”

“…The zircon U-Pb isotopic data are given in Gangdese Batholith (Chung et al, 2003;Gao et al, 2007Gao et al, , 2010Guan et al, 2010Guan et al, , 2012Guo et al, 2006Guo et al, , 2007Hou et al, 2004;Ji et al, 2012;Jiang et al, 2012;Ma et al, 2013a;Wen et al, 2008b;Xu et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2010a,b;Zhu et al, 2009) ~100-150 μm with length-to-width ratios of 2:1 to 3:1 (Fig. 3).…”

“…48 Ma), coinciding with the peak Gangdese magmatic activities at ca. 50 Ma (Chung et (Xu and Castillo, 2004); Himalayan sedimentsHimalayan leucogranites (Guo and Wilson, 2012); Cretaceous adakites (Jiang et al, 2011;Ma et al, 2013a;Zhu et al, 2009); 80 Ma thickened mafic lower crust-derived adakitic rocks (Wen et al, 2008b); the Linzizong volcanic rocks (Lee et al, 2012;Mo et al, 2007); Cenozoic (Oligo-Miocene) adakitic rocks (Gao et al, 2010;Guan et al, 2012;Guo et al, 2007;Hou et al, 2004;Ji et al, 2012;Jiang et al, 2012;Xu et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2010a); the Amdo orthogneiss (Harris et al, 1988); sample NL-07 (leucogranite, representing the Himalayan sediments (Nd = 11.1 ppm, ε Nd (t = 47 Ma) = −15.9, Sr = 89.0 ppm, ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) i = 0.7372) (Guo and Wilson, 2012). Data sources for (b): Hf isotopic results of Late Cretaceous adakites (Ma et al, 2013a); fields of Hf-Nd isotopic data for Indian Ocean MORB, OIB and mantle array (Chauvel and Blichert-Toft, 2001;Ingle et al, 2003).…”

Late Cretaceous crustal growth in the Gangdese area, southern Tibet: Petrological and Sr–Nd–Hf–O isotopic evidence from Zhengga diorite–gabbro

“…(d) Geological map of the studied area. Ages are given in Ma and the data sources include Murphy et al (1997), Miller et al (2000), McDermid et al (2002), Kapp et al (2003), Schwab et al (2004), Chu et al (2006), Volkmer et al (2007), Wen et al (2008a), Chiu et al (2009), Chung et al (2009), Ji et al (2009a), Zhu et al (2009), Kang et al (2010) Luobadui-Milashan fault (LMF), respectively ( Fig. 1b) (Pan et al, 2006;Zhu et al, 2011).…”