Early consumption of peanuts in infancy is associated with a low prevalence of peanut allergy

Toit, George Du; Katz, Yitzhak; Sasieni, Peter; Mesher, David; Maleki, Soheila J.; Fisher, Harriet; A, Fox; Turcanu, Victor; Amir, Tal; Zadik-Mnuhin, Galia; Cohen, Akiba A.; Livne, Irit; Lack, Gideon

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2008.08.039

Cited by 734 publications

(523 citation statements)

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“…Subsequent to the completion of the present systematic analysis two relevant studies have been published. The first, a comparative study of the UK and Israel (31) , showed that despite peanuts being introduced into the diet early in Israel, there is a low prevalence of peanut allergy; this has led to speculation that early introduction of peanuts, rather than avoidance, reduces the risk of peanut allergy. The second has highlighted the potential importance of environmental exposure (cutaneous contact and inhalation in the home) to 'household peanuts' in infancy in increasing the risk of peanut allergy (32) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peanut sensitisation and allergy: influence of early life exposure to peanuts

et al. 2010

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The aim of the present systematic review was to evaluate the influence of early life exposure (maternal and childhood) to peanuts and the subsequent development of sensitisation or allergy to peanuts during childhood. Studies were identified using electronic databases and bibliography searches. Studies that assessed the impact of non-avoidance compared with avoidance or reduced quantities of peanuts or peanut products on either sensitisation or allergy to peanuts, or both outcomes, were eligible. Six human studies were identified: two randomised controlled trials, two casecontrol studies and two cross-sectional studies. In addition, published animal and mechanistic studies, relevant to the question of whether early life exposure to peanuts affects the subsequent development of peanut sensitisation, were reviewed narratively. Overall, the evidence reviewed was heterogeneous, and was limited in quality, for example, through lack of adjustment for potentially confounding factors. The nature of the evidence has therefore hindered the development of definitive conclusions. The systematic review of human studies and narrative expert-led reviews of animal studies do not provide clear evidence to suggest that either maternal exposure, or early or delayed introduction of peanuts in the diets of children, has an impact upon subsequent development of sensitisation or allergy to peanuts. Results from some animal studies (and limited evidence from human subjects) suggest that the dose of peanuts is an important mediator of peanut sensitisation and tolerance; low doses tend to lead to sensitisation and higher doses tend to lead to tolerance.Peanut allergy: Diet: Prenatal exposure: Childhood exposure Onset of peanut allergy typically occurs in childhood, with 70-100 % (1) of peanut-allergic children being reported to react upon their first known dietary exposure to peanuts. Because IgE-mediated allergic reactions require prior exposure and immunological sensitisation to the allergen, this suggests that sensitisation has already been acquired, either in utero, or by unrecognised oral exposure or non-oral (cutaneous or respiratory) routes. As many as one in fiftyfive children in the UK may currently show evidence of an allergic reaction to peanuts (2) ; indeed, peanut allergy is the most common cause of severe allergic reaction to foods, causing 30 % of all cases of anaphylaxis outside hospital (3) . Data from the Isle of Wight UK Birth Cohort Study suggest a threefold rise in the prevalence of peanut sensitisation and allergy in children born between 1989-90 and 1994 -6 (4,5) . Recent data from children born in 2001 -2 show no further increases in the prevalence of peanut sensitisation and allergy (6) .In 1998 the UK Government issued precautionary advice to mothers whose children have a family history of allergic diseases, that they may wish to avoid peanut consumption during pregnancy and breast-feeding and avoid giving the child peanuts and peanut products until the child is 3 years of age (7) . The precautionary advice was...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peanut sensitisation and allergy: influence of early life exposure to peanuts

et al. 2010

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“…[33][34]. the introduction of food later in the infant diet has been postulated to play a role in the increase of food allergy [35]. As food allergy is more common in infants [36], higher permeability of the intestinal mucosa in infants and early exposure to allergenic antigens have been proposed as a possible cause of sensitization in infant.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Progress of Food Allergy Concept, Classifications and Diagnosis

Kamal-Alahmad¹

2016

IJNFS

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Food allergies, defined as an immune response to food proteins, affect as many as 8% of young children and 5% of adults in most countries, and their prevalence appears to be rising like all allergic diseases, In addition to well-recognized urticaria and anaphylaxis triggered by IgE antibody-mediated immune responses. Food allergy is a rapidly growing public health concern because of its increasing prevalence and life-threatening potential. Food allergic reaction can be further subdivided into IgE mediated and non IgE mediated. The diagnosis of food allergy is made from the history, supported by investigations and by responses to avoidance of specific food triggers. So in this work we want to introduce some concepts in food allergy such as classification of allergic and diagnosis of food triggers and finally how to manage this problem and minimize the prevalence of food allergy.

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“…9 In 2008, a questionnaire study determined that the prevalence of peanut allergy among Jewish schoolchildren in the United Kingdom, where peanut is introduced later, was 10-fold higher than in Israel, where peanut is introduced early and eaten frequently (p < 0.001). 10 In 2010, a population-based crosssectional study involving more than 2500 infants noted that early introduction of egg (age four to six months) was associated with a lower prevalence of egg allergy than later introduction Review (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.6 [95% CI 1.0-2.6] for introduction at 10-12 months; adjusted OR 3.4 [95% CI 1.8-6.5] for introduction after 12 months). 11 In the same year, a prospective study involving more than 13 000 infants noted that early exposure to cow's milk (within the first two weeks of life compared with age 105-194 days) was protective against cow's milk allergy (p < 0.001).…”

Section: Why Has Advice Changed?mentioning

confidence: 99%