Early Cellular and Humoral Responses Developed in Oncohematological Patients after Vaccination with One Dose against COVID-19

Rodríguez-Mora, Sara; Corona, Magdalena; Torres, Montserrat; Casado-Fernández, Guiomar; García-Pérez, Javier; Ramos-Martín, Fernando; Vigón, Lorena; Manzanares, Mario Javier Donate; Mateos, Elena; Martin‐Moro, Fernando; Zurdo-Castronuño, Alejandro; Murciano-Antón, María Aránzazu; Alcamí, José; Pérez‐Olmeda, Mayte; López‐Jiménez, Javier; García-Gutiérrez, Valentín; Coiras, Mayte

doi:10.3390/jcm11102803

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…These antibodies showed a proper neutralizing activity and also described an adequate T-cell functionality based on cytokines measured after exposing cytotoxic cells to SARS-CoV-2 specific peptides [34]. Our study group also demonstrated that there was a direct cytotoxic response against target cells infected with pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 in PBMCs from CML individuals and that the immune response reduced viral replication in these cells after receiving one single dose of the vaccine [31]. Later reports confirmed an increase in neutralization title against SARS-CoV-2 developed in individuals with CML after subsequent vaccine doses [33], although studies regarding the cellular response and the persistence of immunological memory are still scarce.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Some studies have established that individuals with CML under TKI treatment may develop proper T-cell responses after vaccination, as is the case with the vaccine against influenza virus [13,30], and that these responses may be a consequence of the immunomodulatory influence of TKIs over cytotoxic populations [13,27]. High levels of antibodies against several vaccinated and non-vaccinated pathogens have also been described in individuals with CML [27,31]. However, B-cell impairment may occur as well due to the suppressive effect of some TKIs on the Bruton tyrosine kinase [13] that is essential for BCR signaling and B cell survival [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regular Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Individuals with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Who Received a Full Vaccination Schedule against COVID-19

Rodríguez-Mora,

Corona,

Solera Sainero

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Individuals with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) constitute a unique group within individuals with oncohematological disease (OHD). They receive treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that present immunomodulatory properties, and they may eventually be candidates for treatment discontinuation under certain conditions despite the chronic nature of the disease. In addition, these individuals present a lower risk of infection than other immunocompromised patients. For this study, we recruited a cohort of 29 individuals with CML in deep molecular response who were on treatment with TKIs (n = 23) or were on treatment-free remission (TFR) (n = 6), and compared both humoral and cellular immune responses with 20 healthy donors after receiving the complete vaccination schedule against SARS-CoV-2. All participants were followed up for 17 months to record the development of COVID-19 due to breakthrough infections. All CML individuals developed an increased humoral response, with similar seroconversion rates and neutralizing titers to healthy donors, despite the presence of high levels of immature B cells. On the whole, the cellular immune response was also comparable to that of healthy donors, although the antibody dependent cytotoxic activity (ADCC) was significantly reduced. Similar rates of mild breakthrough infections were observed between groups, although the proportion was higher in the CML individuals on TFR, most likely due to the immunomodulatory effect of these drugs. In conclusion, as with the healthy donors, the vaccination did not impede breakthrough infections completely in individuals with CML, although it prevented the development of severe or critical illness in this special population of individuals with OHD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regular Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Individuals with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Who Received a Full Vaccination Schedule against COVID-19

Rodríguez-Mora,

Corona,

Solera Sainero

et al. 2023

Cancers

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“…Thus, it has been shown that even though serological response is severely impaired in patients with CLL especially when they are treated with rituximab or ibrutinib, a significant proportion of the patients may develop sufficient cell-mediated immunity [39]. Moreover, although early cellular immune responses rely mostly on CD8 + T cells and these cells are significantly increased after vaccination, they still remain lower than normal, and this may play a role in the reduced memory response and the need for booster doses, especially in immunocompromised hosts such as patients with CLL [40]. On the other hand, there are reports of unaffected numbers of specific CD8 + T cells against SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination in patients with CLL [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity of a third dose of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine in patients with CLL: effects on treatment selection

et al. 2022

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Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) show suboptimal responses to the vaccines against SARS-CoV-2; it has been shown though that a booster dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine may lead to a significant increase in the seroconversion rates of immunocompromised patients. We conducted a prospective, non-interventional study to evaluate the immunogenicity of a third dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine in adult patients with CLL. Sera were tested before the first, after the second, and before and after the third dose for anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) spike protein IgG (anti-RBD). Thirty-nine patients with CLL were included in the study. The seroconversion rate increased from 28.2% before the third dose to 64.1% after the third dose and was higher in treatment-naïve patients (72.7% versus 47.1% in actively treated patients, p = 0.042). All but one patient achieving a seroconversion after the second dose retained after the third, while eight patients not achieving a seroconversion after the second dose (38.1%), did so after the third. Moreover, patients actively treated with venetoclax had a higher seroconversion rate than those treated with ibrutinib (87.5% versus 14.3%, p = 0.001). This study confirms the beneficial effect of a third dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine on the seroconversion rate in patients with CLL. Our results also strongly suggest that the use of venetoclax is correlated with higher immunogenicity/seroconversion rates than that of ibrutinib, a finding that has been reported by another study. A treatment strategy change during the pandemic favoring the use of venetoclax may be suggested based on our results, although these results should be validated in larger studies.

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“…In this context, the efficacy of the Sputnik V vaccine in patients with CLL is comparable with that of other anti-COVID-19 vaccines in use. It has been shown in a number of studies that the seroconversion efficacy levels in CLL patients of the Pfizer BNT162b2 and Moderna mRNA-1273 mRNA vaccines [9,[18][19][20][21][22], as well as those of vector-based AstraZeneca ChAdOx1 [12,23,24] and Johnson & Johnson Ad26.COV2.S vaccines [8], vary from 20 to 45%. Usually, the cohorts analyzed are not split between COVID-19-naïve and recovered individuals, as was the case with all the studies mentioned above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus-Specific Antibody and T Cell Responses Developed after Sputnik V Vaccination in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Komissarov

Kislova

Molodtsov

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The clinical course of the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has shown that patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are characterized by a high mortality rate, poor response to standard treatment, and low virus-specific antibody response after recovery and/or vaccination. To date, there are no data on the safety and efficacy of the combined vector vaccine Sputnik V in patients with CLL. Here, we analyzed and compared the magnitudes of the antibody and T cell responses after vaccination with the Sputnik V vaccine among healthy donors and individuals with CLL with different statuses of preexposure to coronavirus. We found that vaccination of the COVID-19–recovered individuals resulted in the boosting of pre-existing immune responses in both healthy donors and CLL patients. However, the COVID-19–naïve CLL patients demonstrated a considerably lower antibody response than the healthy donors, although they developed a robust T cell response. Regardless of the previous infection, the individuals over 70 years old demonstrated a decreased response to vaccination, as did those receiving anti-CD20 therapy. In summary, we showed that Sputnik V, like other vaccines, did not induce a robust antibody response in individuals with CLL; however, it provided for the development of a significant anti-COVID-19 T cell response.

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Early Cellular and Humoral Responses Developed in Oncohematological Patients after Vaccination with One Dose against COVID-19

Cited by 5 publications

References 55 publications

Regular Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Individuals with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Who Received a Full Vaccination Schedule against COVID-19

Regular Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Individuals with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Who Received a Full Vaccination Schedule against COVID-19

Immunogenicity of a third dose of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine in patients with CLL: effects on treatment selection

Coronavirus-Specific Antibody and T Cell Responses Developed after Sputnik V Vaccination in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

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