Early Benefits of Pravastatin to Experimentally Induced Atherosclerosis

Silva, Eliane P.; Fonseca, Francisco Antônio Helfenstein; Ihara, Sílvia Saiuli Miki; Izar, Maria Cristina; Lopes, Ieda L.; Pinto, Leonor do Espírito Santo de Almeida; Badimón, Juan J.; Tuffik, S.; Paiva, Therezinha B.; Kasinski, Nelson; Paola, Angelo V. de; Carvalho, Antônio Carlos Camargo

doi:10.1097/00005344-200203000-00010

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We previously demonstrated improved endothelial function by statins 25) and by angiotensin converting-enzyme inhibitor 26) , accompanied by attenuation of atherosclerosis development in rabbits, independent of changes in serum cholesterol levels.…”

Section: Histopathology and Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 96%

Euterpe Oleracea (Açai) Modifies Sterol Metabolism and Attenuates Experimentally-Induced Atherosclerosis

Feio

Izar

Ihara

et al. 2012

JAT

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Aim: Euterpe oleracea (açai) is a fruit from the Amazon region whose chemical composition may be beneficial for individuals with atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that consumption of Euterpe oleracea would reduce atherosclerosis development by decreasing cholesterol absorption and synthesis. Methods: Male New Zealand rabbits were fed a cholesterol-enriched diet (0.5%) for 12 weeks, when they were randomized to receive Euterpe oleracea extract (n = 15) or water (n = 12) plus a 0.05% cholesterol-enriched diet for an additional 12 weeks. Plasma phytosterols and desmosterol were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Atherosclerotic lesions were estimated by computerized planimetry and histomorphometry. Results: At sacrifice, animals treated with Euterpe oleracea had lower levels of total cholesterol (p=0.03), non-HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.03) and triglycerides (p = 0.02) than controls. These animals had smaller atherosclerotic plaque area in their aortas (p= 0.001) and a smaller intima/media ratio (p=0.002) than controls, without differences in plaque composition. At the end of the study, campesterol, β-sitosterol, and desmosterol plasma levels did not differ between groups; however, animals treated with Euterpe oleracea showed lower desmosterol/campesterol (p = 0.026) and desmosterol/ β-sitosterol (p = 0.006) ratios than controls. Conclusions: Consumption of Euterpe oleracea extract markedly improved the lipid profile and attenuated atherosclerosis. These effects were related in part to a better balance in the synthesis and absorption of sterols. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2012; 19:237-245.

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Section: Histopathology and Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 96%

Euterpe Oleracea (Açai) Modifies Sterol Metabolism and Attenuates Experimentally-Induced Atherosclerosis

Feio

Izar

Ihara

et al. 2012

JAT

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“…Pravastatin is a potent inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase. Recently, a number of studies have demonstrated that pravastatin significantly inhibits the production of superoxide anions stimulated by phorbol ester in vascular endothelial cells [14] , suppresses the increase in oxidative stress induced by LPC in vascular smooth muscle cells [15] , and improves the impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation in humans and animals with atherosclerosis and diabetes [16][17][18] . Therefore, it is important to determine whether pravastatin protects the vascular endothelium against damage due to LPC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pravastatin on impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by lysophosphatidylcholine in rat aorta1

Deng

Xiong

2005

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica

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Aim: To investigate the effects of pravastatin, a potent 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, on impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), the major component of oxidized low-density lipoprotein, in rat thoracic aorta. Methods: Both the endothelium-dependent relaxation response to acetylcholine and the endotheliumindependent relaxation response to sodium nitroprusside of aortic rings were measured by recording isometric tension after the rings were exposed to LPC in the absence or presence of pravastatin to estimate the injury effect of LPC and the protective effect of pravastatin on the aortic endothelium, respectively. Results: Exposure of aortic rings to LPC (1-10 µmol/L) for 30 min induced a significant concentration-dependent inhibition of endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine, but did not affect endothelium-independent relaxation in response to sodium nitroprusside. Pre-incubation of aortic rings with pravastatin (0.3-3 mmol/L) for 15 min and then co-incubation of the rings with LPC (3 µmol/L) for another 30 min significantly attenuated the inhibition of endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by LPC. This protective effect of pravastatin (1 mmol/L) was abolished by N G -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (30 µmol/L), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, but not by indomethacin (10 µmol/L), an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase. Moreover, protein kinase C inhibitor chelerythrine (1 µmol/L) the superoxide anion scavenger superoxide dismutase (200 kU/L), and the nitric oxide precursor L-arginine (3 mmol/L) also improved the impaired endotheliumdependent relaxation induced by LPC, similar to the effects of pravastatin. Conclusion: Pravastatin can protect the endothelium against functional injury induced by LPC in rat aorta, a fact which is related to increasing nitric oxide bioavailability.

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“…Blood from each rat was collected from carotid artery and then preparation of serum for estimation of lipid profile by enzymatic method and separation of erythrocyte and preparation of erythrocyte hemolysate for estimation erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA) 20 . The aorta was separated from the surrounding viscera, inner thoracic wall and abdominal wall and was dissected out to preserve for histopathological examination 21 . Morphological study of the aorta was done under microscope after preparation and staining of the aortic tissue slide 22 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Morphological study of the aorta was done under microscope after preparation and staining of the aortic tissue slide 22 . Intima-media ratio was measured by using Image-pro plus software 21 . All the quantitative data obtained from the experiments have been expressed as mean±standard deviation (mean±SD).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiatherogenic Effect of Losartan in the Hyperlipidemic Rat

Sultana

Rahman

Banu

et al. 2013

J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll

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Background: Angiotensin II is a powerful growth stimulant that can lead to smooth muscle hyperplasia in vascular wall. Objectives: The present study was aimed to find out the anti-atherosclerotic effects of angiotensin II receptor blocker losartan. Methodology: This experimental animal study was carried out in the Laboratory of the Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics at Banghabandhu Sheik Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka from July 2008 to June 2009. Healthy Long-Evans Norwegian male rats aged between 3-4 months with an weight of 180 to 200 gm were randomly selected and were divided into 3 groups designated as group A, B and C. Group A was fed on standard rat diet; group B was fed soybean oil and group C was fed a 2% cholesterol enriched diet which was the suspension of cholesterol powder in soybean oil. After 8 weeks 10 rats of each group were sacrificed and remaining 20 rats of group C were continued to the part II of the experiment and divided into two groups known as group I which was cholesterol fed control group and group II which were losartan treated group. After 8 weeks all the rats of two groups were sacrificed. Blood from each rat was collected to measure the lipid profile and malondialdehyde (MDA) level within erythrocyte. The aorta was separated and intima-media ratio was measured by using Image-pro plus software. Results: Losartan induces a significant reduction in serum lipids (p<0.001) and in atherosclerotic lesion size (p<0.001). It also significantly reduces the oxidative stress by reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) level (p<0.001). Conclusions:In a atherosclerosis rat model, losartan reduces the oxidative stress and the neointimal inflammation and this could due to direct inhibition of angiotensin II in the arterial wall. [J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2013;5(2):99-102]

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Early Benefits of Pravastatin to Experimentally Induced Atherosclerosis

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Euterpe Oleracea (Açai) Modifies Sterol Metabolism and Attenuates Experimentally-Induced Atherosclerosis

Euterpe Oleracea (Açai) Modifies Sterol Metabolism and Attenuates Experimentally-Induced Atherosclerosis

Effect of pravastatin on impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by lysophosphatidylcholine in rat aorta1

Antiatherogenic Effect of Losartan in the Hyperlipidemic Rat

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