Early assessment of exercise induced skeletal muscle injury using plasma fatty acid binding protein.

Abstract

Objective-To test whether fatty acid binding protein (FABP) is a useful plasma marker for the early detection of exercise induced skeletal muscle injury in healthy subjects. Methods-Plasmaconcentrations of FABP and myoglobin (Mb) were measured in six healthy physical education teacher trainees after 20 minutes of downhill running (16% incline; mean lactate 4 mmol/l; 70% VO 2 MAX). Creatine kinase (CK) was measured for comparison. Results-Significant increases were found in plasma FABP (mean peak level 50 µg/l), Mb (823 µg/l), and CK (491 U/l). Mb and FABP concentrations were already significantly elevated (p<0.05) at 30 minutes, but CK not until two hours after exercise. Whereas Mb and FABP decreased to normal levels within 24 hours, CK activity remained elevated until 48 hours. The Mb to FABP ratio in plasma after exercise induced muscle injury was 15.0 (1.3) (mean (SEM)) (range 7.4-31.1), which is within the range of ratios calculated for skeletal muscle tissue contents of Mb and FABP, but diVerent from the reported plasma ratio after myocardial injury (4-6). Conclusions-After eccentric exercise induced muscle injury, plasma FABP and Mb increase and decrease more rapidly than CK, indicating that both FABP and Mb are more useful than CK for the early detection of such injuries and the monitoring of injury during repeated exercise bouts. In addition, the Mb to FABP ratio in the plasma indentifies the type of muscle injured. (Br J Sports Med 1998;32:121-124)

A Comparison of Mortality and Cardiac Biomarker Response between Three Outbred Stocks of Sprague Dawley Rats Treated with Isoproterenol

“…Fabp3 is a cytosolic protein that is present in plasma of healthy humans and rodents (Sorichter et al 1998;Pritt et al 2008). The concentration of Fabp3 increases in serum or plasma following cardiac damage and is reported to have a kinetic profile similar to that of cTnI, with an early plasma response approximately 0.5 to 2 hr after iso treatment in rats given a single dose of >1 mg isoproterenol/kg (Clements et al 2010;Tonomura et al 2009).…”

Biochemical Measurement of Muscle Injury Created by Lumbar Surgery

“…17,28,29,[33][34][35][36] The individual variation in baseline CK, and peak magnitude in response to LS is also consistent with animal injury models 42 , and exercise induced injury. [17][18][19][20] Similar individual variation is characteristic of circulating troponins and myosin heavy chain. 28,29,31,32 A number of non-injury related factors have been found to affect baseline CK values including sex, race, body mass, and activity levels.…”

“…20 There is an extensive literature on application of biochemistry for cardiac muscle injury and there has been a strong clinical impact. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] A large literature also exists in exercise physiology on changes in circulating levels of all of these tissue proteins in response to heavy exercise.…”

Brain- and Heart-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins in the Brain: Tissue Distribution and Clinical Utility

“…In addition, H-FABP was randomly increased in 39 samples (8 of 14 patients; Table 2). Because one of the side effects of ECT is muscle stiffness and because H-FABP can also be released from cardiac or skeletal muscle (14 ), we measured myoglobin in these samples because the plasma myoglobin/H-FABP ratio is indicative of the tissue that is injured (ratio, 20 -70 for skeletal muscle, and 3-5 for cardiac muscle) (25,26 ). In two of these samples the myoglobin/H-FABP ratios were 47 and 36, reflecting a dominant contribution from skeletal muscle injury in these cases.…”

“…Myoglobin was also measured because the ratio of the plasma concentration of myoglobin to that of H-FABP is indicative of skeletal muscle injury (25,26 ). Myoglobin was measured with an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (Elecsys ® ; Roche Diagnostics).…”