Early angiosperm diversification: evidence from southern South America

Archangelsky, Sérgio; Barreda, Viviana; Passalia, Mauro Gabriel; Gandolfo, María A.; Prámparo, Mercedes B.; Romero, Eva Juana Rodríguez; Cúneo, Rubén; Zamuner, Alba Berta; Iglesias, Ari; Llorens, Magdalena; Puebla, Gabriela Griselda; Quattrocchio, Mirta Elena; Volkheimer, Wolfgang

doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2009.03.001

Cited by 89 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The earliest stage 1 includes fossils of Aptian age in which two levels are present. The lower level (Archangelsky et al 2009, fig. 3) is characterized palynologically by a Clavatipollenites complex (1p), with the base placed at the Barremian/ Aptian boundary.…”

Section: Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brenner (1976) first recognized the southern Gondwana province, including the austral South America and South Africa as well as Australia, New Zealand, and India. South America and South Africa were at that time a paleogeographic unit (SW Gondwana of Archangelsky [2009, fig. 1]) in which at low paleolatitudes and during Berriasian-Aptian times, an equatorial (Northern Gondwana) Dicheiropollis etruscus/Afropollis palynoflora developed (Herngreen et al 1996, fig.…”

Section: Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A hypothesized pattern of the early angiosperm diversification for southern South America based on fossil leaves and pollen has been recently presented (Archangelsky et al 2009). Three stages that cover Barremian to Coniacian ages were defined.…”

Section: Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some regions, mainly in southern South America, angiosperm remains were reported 100 yr ago (Halle 1913). In the past few years, several articles have been devoted to the study of mid-Cretaceous angiosperm leaves and pollen found in different areas of Patagonia (Prámparo 1999;Passalía et al 2003;Cú neo and Gandolfo 2005;Vallati 2006;Del Fueyo et al 2007;Archangelsky et al 2009). In particular, the rich fossil flora from the Anfiteatro de Ticó Formation of the Baqueró Group (the Ticó flora) has yielded the oldest (early Aptian) angiosperm remains in that region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leaves (Romero and Archangelsky 1986;Passalía et al 2003), dispersed pollen (Archangelsky and Gamerro 1966), or pollen found inside pollen sacs (Archangelsky and Taylor 1993) have been described. The pollen was referred to the genus Clavatipollentes Couper (1958) and considered to be the oldest known record of angiosperms in Patagonia (Archangelsky et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aptian Angiosperm Pollen from the Ticó Flora Patagonia, Argentina

Archangelsky

2013

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Section: Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aptian Angiosperm Pollen from the Ticó Flora Patagonia, Argentina

Archangelsky

2013

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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A eudicot leaf from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian, Araripe Basin) Crato Konservat‐Lagerstätte

Pessoa

Ribeiro

Jud

2021

American J of Botany

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Premise: The Crato Konservat-Lagerstätte in Brazil preserves an exceptionally rich assemblage of plant macrofossils from the Early Cretaceous (late Aptian), including rare early angiosperm fossils related to Nymphaeales, monocots, and magnoliids, and a variety of angiosperms of uncertain affinities. Macrofossils of eudicot angiosperms have not been described previously, despite the presence of tricolpate pollen. We describe a fossil leaf with morphology characteristic of eudicot angiosperms. Methods: The fossil was collected from a quarry in the Lower Cretaceous (late Aptian) Crato Formation of northeastern Brazil in the state of Ceará. We compared the leaf architecture with that of ferns, gymnosperms, and similar living and fossil angiosperms.Results: The leaf of Baderadea pinnatissecta gen. et sp. nov. is simple and petiolate, with leaf architecture similar to that of some herbaceous Ranunculales. The blade is 5 cm long and the margin is untoothed and twice pinnately lobed with narrow lobes (pinnatisect). The primary vein framework is pinnate and there are multiple orders of reticulate venation. Conclusions: The combination of characters preserved in the fossil supports the interpretation that B. pinnatissecta was an herbaceous eudicot similar to some members of Ranunculales and distinguished from other lobate Aptian angiosperms by leaf shape, presence of multiple orders of reticulate venation, and the absence of glandular teeth. The presence of eudicots in the flora of the Crato was already supported by pollen; the discovery of macrofossils like these provides additional information about their morphology and ecological role in low-latitude Early Cretaceous plant communities.

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Early Cretaceous (Aptian to Albian) vegetation and climate change in Central Africa: Novel palynological evidence from the Doseo Basin

Dou,

Zhang,

Xiao

et al. 2023

Geological Journal

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With the break‐up of the continents of Africa and South America and the gradual opening of the Atlantic Ocean in the late Aptian to early Albian, the global palaeoclimate and palaeogeographical patterns changed greatly. Whether and when a humid belt prevailed in the palaeoequator region during this period has been argued for a long time. The Doseo Basin, located in the Central African Rift system, is important for understanding the palaeoclimate of Central Africa during the Early Cretaceous. Here, a systematic palynological analysis of boreholes K‐1 and KE‐101 in the Doseo Basin was conducted to reconstruct the vegetation and climate change during the middle Aptian to early Albian in Central Africa. Relatively abundant fossil palynomorphs were obtained, and 76 species belonging to 67 genera were identified. Gymnosperms were found to be dominant in the palynoassemblage of boreholes K‐1 and KE‐101, and Classopollis was the most abundant in this group. Among fern spores, the ribbed spores accounted for a high proportion. Additionally, a small amount of angiosperm pollen grains was also found. Based on the characteristics of the palynomorphs, two assemblages were identified, probably spanning from middle Aptian–early Albian. The characteristics of the spore and pollen fossils, especially the decrease of Classopollis in boreholes K‐1 and KE‐101, suggest an obvious change in climate, from relatively arid to humid during the late Aptian to early Albian (within the interval 2215–2220 m of borehole K‐1). The climate change reflected by the palynological spectra in the Doseo Basin from dry to wet is consistent with that of the results from South America. This study further proves that the climate near the equator in the southern hemisphere began to change from the earlier relative drought to humid conditions with the gradual opening of the Atlantic Ocean during late Aptian to early Albian, and a humid climate zone was distributed from east to west in the equatorial region of the southern hemisphere.

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Early angiosperm diversification: evidence from southern South America

Cited by 89 publications

References 54 publications

Aptian Angiosperm Pollen from the Ticó Flora Patagonia, Argentina

Aptian Angiosperm Pollen from the Ticó Flora Patagonia, Argentina

A eudicot leaf from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian, Araripe Basin) Crato Konservat‐Lagerstätte

Early Cretaceous (Aptian to Albian) vegetation and climate change in Central Africa: Novel palynological evidence from the Doseo Basin

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