Early and late platelet sequestration in different organs during endotoxic shock

Al-Sarraf, A.A.; Christenson, Jan T.; Owunwanne, Azu

doi:10.1007/bf01852095

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Dextran is absorbed to the surface of the platelets and thereby alters the negative charge leading to less platelet adhesivity (Gruber & Bergentz, 1966). The increased platelet aggregation during endotoxinaemia, described previously, is thought to lead to their entrapment in the lungs and their release of vasoactive substances, which will subsequently cause an increased pulmonary vascular resistance (Kux et al, 1972, Al Sarraf, 1988. Platelet aggregation also accelerates the formation of a network of fibrin, trapping both red and white blood cells (Cooper et al, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effect of low molecular weight dextran on haemodynamics and respiratory function during endotoxin-induced shock.

Christenson

Al-Sarraf

Abu-Saleh

1992

Emergency Medicine Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThe effects of low molecular weight dextran (LMWD) infusion, on gas exchange and haemodynamics were evaluated in sheep during endotoxin shock. The infusion of LMWD was started after signs of shock and lung injury were evident. After a stabilization period 10 [tg kg-1 E. Coli endotoxin was infused i.v.. Endotoxin infusion resulted in an marked increase in pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP), respiratory compliance, arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) and oxygen delivery index (Do21). After 3 h MAP, PaO2, Do21 and compliance improved significantly in LMWD treated animals. The PAP had also decreased significantly in the LMWD-treated animals, but remained high in the controls (P <0.01).It was concluded that LMWD infusion improves haemodynamics and gasexchange in sheep during endotoxin shock.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effect of low molecular weight dextran on haemodynamics and respiratory function during endotoxin-induced shock.

Christenson

Al-Sarraf

Abu-Saleh

1992

Emergency Medicine Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…LPS is a heat stable material that is released only upon bacterial death and disintegration. In experimental animals and humans, endotoxin can influence the structure and function of several organs and physiologic mediators [82][83][84][85][86]. Severe Gramnegative infection results in a potentially lethal condition called endotoxic shock.…”

Section: Endotoxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutical Aspects of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers

Awasthi¹

2005

CDD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oxygen delivery has evolved as a therapy of widespread interest in the clinical setting, especially in emergency medicine and anesthesiology. With the widespread recognition of blood-borne infections during the last two decades and the looming shortage of donor blood in future, efforts to formulate an artificial substitute for oxygen carrying capacity of RBCs have increased. Such blood substitutes, defined more correctly as oxygen therapeutics, are particularly valuable in circumstances such as war and trauma situations where properly matched blood may not be immediately available or is not accepted by the recipients for religious reasons. Several elegant formulations of hemoglobin, both free and encapsulated, have evolved recently and are collectively referred to as hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs). Few HBOCs have successfully entered into the clinical phase. This review discusses formulation requirements of HBOCs from a physiological viewpoint. Physico-pharmaceutical parameters, such as colloidal oncotic pressure, osmolality, viscosity, sterility, apyrogenicity and shelf-stability are traditionally a concern for large volume parenterals meant for resuscitation purposes. At the same time, properties such as oxygen affinity, hemoglobin content and in vivo efficacy of oxygen carriers are specific to HBOCs. Owing to the presence of a very active and functional protein (hemoglobin), requirements for adequate performance of HBOCs significantly differ from those of other large-volume parenterals, such as lactated Ringer's solution, and plasma expanders, such as dextran or albumin solutions.

show abstract

Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Initiates Protein Kinase C Translocation and Eicosanoid Metabolism While Inhibiting Thrombin-Induced Aggregation in Human Platelets

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) B, a heat-stable toxin secreted by Staphylococcus aureus, has been implicated in the pathogenesis and exacerbation of several critical illnesses. It has been hypothesized that enterotoxins may interact with blood products such as platelets, in addition to T-lymphocytes and renal proximal tubule cells. The aim of this present study was to elucidate whether SEB directly alters human platelet function. Human platelet rich plasma (PRP) was pre-incubated with SEA, SEB, SEC or TSST-1, (at various concentrations and incubation times). After incubation, PRP was exposed to thrombin and aggregation was assessed. Incubation with all toxins tested resulted in decreased aggregation, specifically; exposure to 10mu g/ml of SEB for 30 min caused a 20% decrease and a 49% decrease at 90 min. A similar reduction in aggregation was seen in samples incubated with phorbol myristate acetate, a known stimulator of protein kinase C (PKC). Further, platelets exposed to SEB exhibited an increased plasma membrane PKC activity. Sphingosine, an inhibitor of PKC proved to block the SEB-induced reduction in aggregation. SEB effects on platelet metabolism were investigated using high performance liquid chromatography showing up to a 2-fold increase of active metabolites lipoxin A4 and 12-HETE, as compared to control. These data indicate that SEB is able to induce platelet dysfunction, and these effects may be mediated through activation of PKC.

show abstract

Early and late platelet sequestration in different organs during endotoxic shock

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

The effect of low molecular weight dextran on haemodynamics and respiratory function during endotoxin-induced shock.

The effect of low molecular weight dextran on haemodynamics and respiratory function during endotoxin-induced shock.

Pharmaceutical Aspects of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers

Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Initiates Protein Kinase C Translocation and Eicosanoid Metabolism While Inhibiting Thrombin-Induced Aggregation in Human Platelets

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About