Early age mechanical behaviour of 3D printed concrete: Numerical modelling and experimental testing

Abstract

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Mechanical performance of wall structures in 3D printing processes: Theory, design tools and experiments

“…The value of the density presented in Table 1 appeared to be more or less insensitive to the curing time [21] . For the modelling of the experimental buckling behaviour it is reasonable to assume that the amplitudes of the imperfections in the printed wall structure are small (i.e., less than 5% of the wall thickness) and have a relatively short wavelength (i.e., smaller than 10% of the critical buckling length).…”

“…In specific, the relative standard deviation of both E * and | p * | fluctuates between 13% and 21% for the different curing times considered in Fig. 32 [21] . The effect of this spread in material parameters on the accuracy of the model prediction is discussed in more detail at the end of this section.…”

“…Accordingly, inserting Eqs. (20) , (21) and the loading condition, Eq. (16) , into the boundary conditions, Eq.…”

“…Specimens were prepared at 5 different curing times (0, 15, 30, 60 and 90 min), and were loaded displacement-controlled in an Instron test rig by applying a loading rate of 30 mm/min that mimics the experimental printing velocity. At each curing level 4 to 6 different specimens were tested to account for the statistical spread in material properties, see [21] for more details. …”

Experimental Approach for Printability Assessment: Toward a Practical Decision-Making Framework of Printability for Cementitious Materials

“…Today, the construction sector is being digitalized, an operation that has invaded the design phase and begins to reach the execution phase [14]. A Boston Consulting Group (BCG) study in 2018 confirms that companies around the world are ready to use this technology and take advantage of its potential value [15].…”