Earliest Radiocarbon Dates for Domesticated Animals

Protsch, Reiner; Berger, Rainer

doi:10.1126/science.179.4070.235

Cited by 32 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“… All dates re-calibrated using OxCal v4.3.2 [ 18 ] and the IntCal13 atmospheric curve [ 19 ]. Radiocarbon age determination sources: Zawi Chemi Shanidar B [ 20 , 21 ]; Shanidar Cave B [ 22 , 23 ]; Palegawra (Iraq-Jarmo project) [ 16 , 17 , 24 ]. …”

Section: The Zagros Epipalaeolithic: Current State Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Zagros Epipalaeolithic revisited: New excavations and 14C dates from Palegawra cave in Iraqi Kurdistan

et al. 2020

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Palegawra cave, alongside its neighbouring Zarzi, has been an emblematic site of the Epipalaeolithic (Zarzian) cultural horizon in the NW Zagros of Southwest Asia ever since its first exploration in 1951 by Bruce Howe and Robert Braidwood in the context of the Iraq-Jarmo project. At the time scientific excavation, sampling and analysis methods were either underdeveloped or did not exist. In this paper we present the first results of new excavations at Palegawra conducted in 2016-2017 by the Eastern Fertile Crescent (EFEC) project, a research collaboration of the University of Liverpool and the Sulaymaniyah Directorate of Antiquities and Heritage. Our research has produced the first radiometric evidence pushing back the chronology of the NW Zagros Epipalaeolithic to the Last Glacial Maximum, thus fully aligning it with Epipalaeolithic facies until now known only from the Levant and the south Anatolian coast. We have also unearthed, for the first time in the Palaeolithic of the Zagros, direct archaeobotanical evidence for hitherto elusive Zarzian plant exploitation and the vegetation of the NW Zagros piedmont zone from the LGM to the end of the Lateglacial (~19,600-13,000 cal BP). The new Palegawra chronology alongside our detailed studies of its material culture and faunal and botanical assemblages suggest that the prevailing Epipalaeolithic habitation pattern in the NW Zagros (centred on generalised persistent occupations of small caves and rock-shelters alongside task-oriented ephemeral open-air campsites) remained an enduring characteristic of the Zarzian horizon throughout this period. The Palegawra data clearly show that neither resource levels and climate conditions nor geographic and/or cultural isolation provide adequate explanations for the stability and longevity of Zarzian lifeways during this long timespan. More fieldwork is required, including the discovery, excavation and intensive sampling of other Zarzian sites, for reaching a datainformed understanding of the nature and evolution of the NW Zagros Epipalaeolithic.

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Section: The Zagros Epipalaeolithic: Current State Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Zagros Epipalaeolithic revisited: New excavations and 14C dates from Palegawra cave in Iraqi Kurdistan

et al. 2020

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“…To date, these efforts have been unsuccessful (14). Dogs were domesticated as early as 8,000 BCE (16) and, as companion and working animals, occupy a unique niche at the human-animal interface. During an investigation to characterize respiratory viruses infecting domestic dogs, we identified several flavivirus-like sequences.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a canine homolog of hepatitis C virus

Kapoor

Simmonds

Qaisar

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

243

282

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An estimated 3% of the world's population is chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Although HCV was discovered more than 20 y ago, its origin remains obscure largely because no closely related animal virus homolog has been identified; furthermore, efforts to understand HCV pathogenesis have been hampered by the absence of animal models other than chimpanzees for human disease. Here we report the identification in domestic dogs of a nonprimate hepacivirus. Comparative phylogenetic analysis of the canine hepacivirus (CHV) confirmed it to be the most genetically similar animal virus homolog of HCV. Bayesian Markov chains Monte Carlo and associated time to most recent common ancestor analyses suggest a mean recent divergence time of CHV and HCV clades within the past 500-1,000 y, well after the domestication of canines. The discovery of CHV may provide new insights into the origin and evolution of HCV and a tractable model system with which to probe the pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of diseases caused by hepacivirus infection.flavivirus | zoonosis

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“…Canine and human skeletons have been found in association, dated to 11,000 BP in Arabia and 11,500 BP in Persia (Protsch & Berger, 1973).…”

Section: The Antiquity Of Hookworm Infection and Its Ancient Distribumentioning

confidence: 99%

The Origin of Parasites of Humans

Ferreira¹,

Reinhard²,

Araújo³

2014

Foundations of Paleoparasitology

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All the contents of this work, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Todo o conteúdo deste trabalho, exceto quando houver ressalva, é publicado sob a licença Creative Commons Atribição 4.0. Todo el contenido de esta obra, excepto donde se indique lo contrario, está bajo licencia de la licencia Creative Commons Reconocimento 4.0.

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Earliest Radiocarbon Dates for Domesticated Animals

Cited by 32 publications

References 8 publications

The Zagros Epipalaeolithic revisited: New excavations and 14C dates from Palegawra cave in Iraqi Kurdistan

The Zagros Epipalaeolithic revisited: New excavations and 14C dates from Palegawra cave in Iraqi Kurdistan

Characterization of a canine homolog of hepatitis C virus

The Origin of Parasites of Humans

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