Earliest humans in Europe: the age of TD6 Gran Dolina, Atapuerca, Spain

Falguères, Christophe; Bahain, Jean‐Jacques; Yokoyama, Yuji; Arsuaga, Juan Luís; Castro, José Marı́a Bermúdez de; Carbonell, Eudald; Bischoff, James L.; Dolo, Jean‐Michel

doi:10.1006/jhev.1999.0326

Cited by 331 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…An important hiatus in Gran Dolina S is reflected in the sequence by the lack of MIS lS-15 (see Cuenca . The correspondence of high diversity peaks to warm MIS concurs with radiometric dating, at least for the upper part of the Gran Dolina sequence (Falgueres et al, 1999;Berger et al, 200S).…”

Section: Shannon Distributionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…The archaeostratigraphic levels are arbitrary divisions of the stratigraphic level, because their depth is determined by those digging, whereas the stratigraphic level is defined in terms of its lithological composition and geom etry. The time scale is provided by the different biostratigraphic, palaeomagnetic and radiometric dating of Gran Dolina (Carbonell et al, 1995;Pares and Perez-Gonzalez, 1995;Cuenca-Bescos et al, 1999, 2010Falgueres et al, 1999;Cuenca-Bescos and Garcia, 2007;Berger et al, 2008).…”

Section: Sp Edes Countmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Early–Middle Pleistocene environmental and climatic change and the human expansion in Western Europe: A case study with small vertebrates (Gran Dolina, Atapuerca, Spain)☆

Cuenca‐Bescós

Melero-Rubio

Rofes

et al. 2011

Journal of Human Evolution

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Section: Shannon Distributionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Sp Edes Countmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Early–Middle Pleistocene environmental and climatic change and the human expansion in Western Europe: A case study with small vertebrates (Gran Dolina, Atapuerca, Spain)☆

Cuenca‐Bescós

Melero-Rubio

Rofes

et al. 2011

Journal of Human Evolution

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“…The earliest examples from around the Early -Middle Pleistocene transition include Gesher Benot Ya'aqov (Geraads and Tchernov, 1983), Atapuerca (Falguères et al, 1999), and Ceprano . Archaeological material has also been reported from Flores in Indonesia at ~0.8 Ma (Morwood et al, 1998).…”

Section: Hominin Dispersalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hominins without fellow travellers? First appearances and inferred dispersals of Afro-Eurasian large-mammals in the Plio-Pleistocene

O’Regan

Turner

Bishop

et al. 2011

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Discoveries of fossil Homo outside Africa predating 1.0 Ma have generated much discussion about hominin dispersal routes. However, tool-using bipeds were only one element of the inter-continental mammalian dispersals that occurred during the climatic changes of the Pliocene and Pleistocene. This paper will place hominin movements in the context of those of the wider mammalian fauna, which includes carnivores, bovids and non-human primates. The distribution of these different taxa suggests that species moved individually when the environmental conditions were right for them, rather than in multi-species waves of dispersal, and allows evaluation of the contextual evidence for the newly emerging 'Out of Asia' paradigm as well as the established 'Out of Africa' model.

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“…The method of "dating" is given: AAR = amino acid racemization, BC = biochronology, CN = cosmogenic nuclides, ESR = electron spin resonance, IRSL = infrared stimulated luminescence, K/Ar = potassium / argon, PM = palaemagnetism, IR-RF = infrared radiofluorescence, OSL = optically stimulated luminescence, TL = thermoluminescence, US = Uranium Series. 820±140 ka;Falguères et al, 1999;García & Arsuaga, 2001;MNCN, IPHES 602±52 ka Berger et al, 2008Atapuerca TD7 Rodríguez, 2011; PM: 780 ka in top of unit Parés et al, 2013García & Arsuaga, 2001IPHES Cueva Victoria Carbonell et al, 1981 Kahlke, 1997Kahlke, , 2001aKahlke, , 2001bKahlke, , 2006 …”

Section: Table 31mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Atapuerca TD8 is placed just above the lower limit of the Brunhes . ESR and U-Th dating gave a mean age of 602±52 ka (Falguères, et al, 1999) and luminescence dating gave and age of 820±140 ka (Berger, et al, 2008 Both Hyaena and Theropithecus came probably from or through SE Europe and SW Asia. Their dispersals may have been favoured by the same environments: relatively warm and open environments at the transition from stage 20 to 19.…”

Section: Striped Hyaena and Baboonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faunas from Atapuerca at the Early–Middle Pleistocene limit: The ungulates from level TD8 in the context of climatic change

Made

Rosell

Blasco

2017

Quaternary International

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An extraordinary sequence of fossiliferous levels at the locality of Gran Dolina in the Atapuerca Hills (Burgos, Spain) records the Early-Middle Pleistocene transition. These levels are well dated by a variety of methods, including palaeomagnetism, which locates Lower-Middle Pleistocene boundary at the tope of level TD7. Level TD6 is the type site of the species Homo antecessor and yielded over 90% of the European Early Pleistocene human record, while other levels have an archaeological record. The present paper deals with the earliest Middle Pleistocene ungulates of TD8, but we plan to describe the faunas, or at least the ungulates, of levels TD4 to TD8 in the context of the faunal changes that took place around the Early-Middle Pleistocene transition.About 600 fossils could be assigned to a taxon and on this basis the following ungulates are described from TD8: horse Equus altidens, rhinoceros Stephanorhinus aff. etruscus, wild boar Sus scrofa, hippopotamus Hippopotamus sp., red deer Cervus elaphus, giant deer Eucladoceros aff. giulii, giant deer Megaceroides solilhacus, fallow deer Dama vallonnetensis, and bison Bison voigtstedtensis. The evolution of these taxa is discussed. The fauna from level TD8 dates to the earliest Middle Pleistocene (stage 19) and differs from later faunas in the retention of a small rhinoceros (Stephanorhinus aff. etruscus) and the latest representative of the genus Eucladoceros. It differs from earlier faunas in having the striped hyaena. Together with the fauna from TD7, in which the Brunhes-Matuyama boundary is recorded, TD8 will provide the most precise criterions for correlation of the Early-Middle Pleistocene boundary on the basis of fossils of large mammals.Profound changes in the global climate system started to take place during the late Early Pleistocene, leading to intensive environmental and faunal change and to human dispersal into Europe. These events mark the beginning of a new time and the Early-Middle Pleistocene boundary is taken somewhere in the middle of this drawn out process. It is taken at a palaeomagnetic change, which is convenient, but this does not appear to be close to an important climatic or faunal change. Ten faunal events are recognized in the period from about 1.2 to 0.5 Ma. The event closest to the Early-Middle Pleistocene boundary is one of the minor events and up to now it is recorded in only few localities, principally in TD8.

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Earliest humans in Europe: the age of TD6 Gran Dolina, Atapuerca, Spain

Cited by 331 publications

References 24 publications

The Early–Middle Pleistocene environmental and climatic change and the human expansion in Western Europe: A case study with small vertebrates (Gran Dolina, Atapuerca, Spain)☆

The Early–Middle Pleistocene environmental and climatic change and the human expansion in Western Europe: A case study with small vertebrates (Gran Dolina, Atapuerca, Spain)☆

Hominins without fellow travellers? First appearances and inferred dispersals of Afro-Eurasian large-mammals in the Plio-Pleistocene

Faunas from Atapuerca at the Early–Middle Pleistocene limit: The ungulates from level TD8 in the context of climatic change

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