Earliest Deadline Control of a Group of Heat Pumps with a Single Energy Source

Fink, Jiří; Leeuwen, R.P. van

doi:10.3390/en9070552

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…All these connections are possible under the smart grid concept, which uses information and communication technology. The recent smart grid control approaches for central and distributed levels of HPWHs were investigated in [26]. The main point about HPWH is that the power consumption can be controlled during operation.…”

Section: System Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model Predictive-Based Secondary Frequency Control Considering Heat Pump Water Heaters

2019

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The extensive development of renewable energies in power systems causes several problems due to intermittent output power generation. To tackle the challenge, demand response contribution to ancillary service is currently well recognized under the smart grid infrastructure. The application of the heat pump water heater (HPWH) as a controllable load in primary frequency control is well presented in the literature; however, the motivation of this paper is to use HPWHs for secondary frequency control. To this end, a model predictive control (MPC) method for a two-area power system incorporating HPWHs to contribute to secondary frequency control is proposed in this paper. A detailed model of HPWH is employed as a controllable load to control the power consumption during water heating. The MPC method predicts the future control signals using a quadratic programming-based optimization. It uses the system model, past inputs and outputs, as well as system control signals to predict the next signals. The effective performance of the proposed method for the two-area power system with HPWH is demonstrated for different scenarios of load changes, intermittent renewable power generation and parameter variations as the sensitivity analysis.

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Section: System Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model Predictive-Based Secondary Frequency Control Considering Heat Pump Water Heaters

2019

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“…This scheme allows the heat pump controllers to perform only simple tasks such as real-time correction of steering signals due to possible errors in the forecast, whereas the major duty of forecasting and control is delegated to the central controller located in the grid. In [10] the authors propose another centralized control scheme where an aggregator schedules a group of heat pumps only based on house comfort priorities represented as lower and upper bounds of electricity demand sent from the underlying level houses. This scheme requires the lower-level home controllers to handle the demand forecasting duties and to calculate the flexibility margin.enough to understand to what degree inhabitants are ready to sacrifice their comfort to determine the lower bound of energy demand.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, price-based steering of consumer loads cannot deal with real-time scenarios when utilities have to wrestle with unexpected peak-demands or when near-real time DR is of vital necessity [8]. Dynamic pricing may also result in overloading of cables and voltage problems, if a majority of consumers responds to high price by shifting their demand to the same period of low prices [9], [10]. In contrast, a utility can achieve a guaranteed load reduction during the peak demand hours when exercising the second type of DR programs, e.g., by directly shutting down (or cycling) residential loads (e.g., Direct Load Control) or by shifting demand to the off-peak hours for flexible loads.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peak load reduction of multiple water heaters: Respecting consumer comfort and money savings

Belov

Vasenev

Kartak

et al. 2016

2016 IEEE Online Conference on Green Communications (OnlineGreenComm)

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Demand Response programs can allow residential electricity consumers to cut their energy bills. However, in case of contingencies in the energy system when the guaranteed peak load reduction is needed, comfort of consumers can be significantly deteriorated and they can choose to opt out. This paper investigates the possibility of peak load reduction and yet highly respecting consumers' comfort by coordinating a group of electric tank water heaters.The proposed peak shaving mechanism accounts for interests of both utility companies and their customers. It employs two optimization models tailored to the needs of both sides to optimally schedule individual water heaters. The suggested Simulation results show the potential of the proposed mechanism to provide the guaranteed peak load reduction thus contributing to the stability of the electrical grid, while transparent balancing between comfort-money and comfort-energy incorporated in the control scheme is of interest and use to green consumers.

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“… proper automation of engineering systems up to centralised control of all of them at the level from the smart house to the smart city [68,[78][79][80]. In world design practice [60,61,[81][82][83][84][85][86][87], two methods are used to determine the energy demands on heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems.…”

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confidence: 99%

Energy Efficiency Issues in Buildings: Analysis of World Practice

Gasimov,

Mammadov,

Akbarova

et al. 2023

VOTHP

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At present, the volume of world energy consumption is continuously and rapidly increasing, which is a consequence of the industrialization process, population growth, increase in energy costs for the extraction of natural resources, etc. Therefore, the importance of solving the problem of energy efficiency is of paramount importance for modern civilization. In this work, there is an analysis of international experience of energy efficient construction. The main directions of energy-efficient development are highlighted. It’s shown that the classical method of heat loss calculations wrongly takes into account the wind effect. The more correct one is required. At the same time, it is worth applying linguistic variables and fuzzy logic, which adequately describe states that are described by verbal statements, and not by numerical values. In conclusion, the most emerging tasks for our Republic are selected: optimal placement of the building on the general plan of the city, incl. maintaining the distance between buildings under the construction and urban-planning regulations; proper heat insulation of the building envelope by the orientation of facades and depending on the climatic parameters of the outside air; air-tightening of building avoiding in- and exfiltration; maximum possible automation of engineering systems up to integration from smart house to smart city level; modernization and optimization of the operation of engineering systems; maximum use of renewable and secondary (such as exhaust air) energy sources; rejection of the classical calculation method of heat loss estimation, which takes into account the effect of wind speed, and to develop a new methodology.

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Earliest Deadline Control of a Group of Heat Pumps with a Single Energy Source

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Model Predictive-Based Secondary Frequency Control Considering Heat Pump Water Heaters

Model Predictive-Based Secondary Frequency Control Considering Heat Pump Water Heaters

Peak load reduction of multiple water heaters: Respecting consumer comfort and money savings

Energy Efficiency Issues in Buildings: Analysis of World Practice

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