Each Otoconia polymorph has a protein unique to that polymorph

Pote, Kenneth G.; Ross, Muriel D.

doi:10.1016/0305-0491(91)90181-c

Cited by 69 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Similarly, the Nox3 het mice reportedly also have normal hearing (Paffenholz et al, 2004). The data suggest that, despite their Ca 2+ -binding capacities (Pote and Ross, 1991;Hughes et al, 2007), Oc90 and Otop1 do not play a significant role in maintaining endolymph Ca 2+ or in influencing auditory mechanotransduction; or if they do, the function can be compensated by another unknown protein in the cochlea.…”

Section: Similar To Other Otoconia Mutant Mice Oc90 Null Mice Have Umentioning

confidence: 91%

Otoconin-90 deletion leads to imbalance but normal hearing: A comparison with other otoconia mutants

et al. 2008

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Our sense of gravitation and linear acceleration is mediated by stimulation of vestibular hair cells through displacement of otoconia in the utricle and saccule (the gravity receptor organ). We recently showed that otoconin-90 (Oc90) deletion led to formation of giant otoconia. In the present study, we determined the extent to which the giant otoconia affected balance and gravity receptor sensory input and compared the findings with other otoconia mutants. We employed a wide spectrum of balance behavioral tests, including reaching and air-righting reflexes, gait, swimming, beam-crossing, rotorod latencies, and a direct measure of gravity receptor input, vestibular evoked potentials (VsEPs). All tests on homozygous adult mutants consistently ranked the order of imbalance as (from worst to best) Nox3 het

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Section: Similar To Other Otoconia Mutant Mice Oc90 Null Mice Have Umentioning

confidence: 91%

Otoconin-90 deletion leads to imbalance but normal hearing: A comparison with other otoconia mutants

et al. 2008

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“…The first matrix protein selected for characterization was Otoconin90, the principal matrix protein, estimated to account for 90% of the total protein of the otoconial core [10][11][12]. Figure 3 demonstrates a typical example of 2-DE separation of otoconial matrix proteins from guinea pig.…”

Section: Otoconial Proteins -Identification and Clinical Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Microscale analysis of proteins in inner ear tissues and fluids with emphasis on endolymphatic sac, otoconia, and organ of Corti

Thalmann

Hughes²,

Tong

et al. 2006

Electrophoresis

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Here we describe preparatory techniques adapted for the study of proteins of inner ear tissues and fluids that have allowed us to apply state-of-the-art analytical techniques in spite of the minute size and anatomical complexities of this organ. Illustrative examples address unresolved issues of functional and clinical significance. First, we demonstrate how quick-freezing and freeze drying prevents artifacts that arise from sampling endolymphatic sac (ES) content in the liquid state. This set the stage for the generation of the first protein profile of the ES. Identification of crucial proteins will help elucidate mechanisms of endolymph volume regulation and pathogenesis of Meniere's disease. Second, we show how a unique situation allowed identification of otoconial proteins by mass spectrometric analysis without prior separation and we discuss possible roles for these minor otoconins in otoconial development and prevention of degenerative diseases that affect balance. Finally, we demonstrate techniques for the precise dissection of organ of Corti and its substructures, while preserving their near normal chemical state. We extended an earlier study in which we identified a novel calcium-binding protein by IEF, oncomodulin, localized in the outer hair cells and show here the applicability of prefractionation for the screening of calcium-binding proteins of organ of Corti. These studies demonstrate how advanced preparatory and analytical techniques can be applied to studies of the inner ear.

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“…Oc90 is the first identified otoconin, and accounts for nearly 90% of the total protein content of otoconia (Pote and Ross 1991;Verpy et al 1999;Wang et al 1998). Subsequent studies have revealed that Oc90 is the essential organizer of the otoconial organic matrix by specifically recruiting other matrix components and Ca 2+ (Yang et al 2011;Zhao et al 2007).…”

Section: Otoconin-90 (Oc90) Is the Essential Organizer Of The Otoconimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The organic components of otoconia primarily consist of glycoproteins and proteoglycans Ito et al 1994;Pisam et al 2002;Pote and Ross 1991;Verpy et al 1999;Wang et al 1998;Xu et al 2010;Zhao et al, 2007). To date, as many as 8 murine otoconins have been identified (Table 1): the predominant otoconial protein, otoconin-90 (Oc90) and other 'minor' otoconins including otolin-1 (aka otolin) (Zhao et al 2007), fetuin-A (aka countertrypin) Zhao et al 2007), osteopontin (aka Spp1) (Sakagami 2000;Takemura et al 1994;Zhao et al 2008a), Sparc-like protein 1 (Sc1, aka hevin and Ecm2) Xu et al 2010), possibly secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (Sparc, aka BM-40 and osteonectin), and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1).…”

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confidence: 99%