E2 and Erns of classical swine fever virus C-strain play central roles in its adaptation to rabbits

Cao, Tong; Wang, Zuohuan; Li, Xiaoye; Zhang, Shengnan; Paudyal, Narayan; Zhang, Xian; Li, Xiaoliang; Fang, Weihuan

doi:10.1007/s11262-018-01631-1

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In our study, the vC/SM3′UTR induced a severe rabbit fever response with a maximum average temperature of 41 °C ( Table 3 ). Previous reports demonstrated that the chimeric CSFV C strain harboring Shimen 3′UTR substitution failed to induce the fever response in the rabbits [ 9 ], and that the amino acid mutations in viruses or the substitutions of structure proteins could influence the fever response induced by C strain in the rabbits [ 40 , 62 , 63 , 64 ]. Nine different amino acids in structure and non-structure proteins existed between our CSFV C strain and the C-strain/HVRI (GenBank: AY805221.1) by aligning the amino acid sequences of polyproteins ( Table S1 ), suggesting that the fever response in the rabbits induced by CSFV C strains was probably regulated by both viral genome structure and amino acid composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proline to Threonine Mutation at Position 162 of NS5B of Classical Swine Fever Virus Vaccine C Strain Promoted Genome Replication and Infectious Virus Production by Facilitating Initiation of RNA Synthesis

Pang

Liu

et al. 2021

Viruses

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The 3′untranslated region (3′UTR) and NS5B of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) play vital roles in viral genome replication. In this study, two chimeric viruses, vC/SM3′UTR and vC/b3′UTR, with 3′UTR substitution of CSFV Shimen strain or bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) NADL strain, were constructed based on the infectious cDNA clone of CSFV vaccine C strain, respectively. After virus rescue, each recombinant chimeric virus was subjected to continuous passages in PK-15 cells. The representative passaged viruses were characterized and sequenced. Serial passages resulted in generation of mutations and the passaged viruses exhibited significantly increased genomic replication efficiency and infectious virus production compared to parent viruses. A proline to threonine mutation at position 162 of NS5B was identified in both passaged vC/SM3′UTR and vC/b3′UTR. We generated P162T mutants of two chimeras using the reverse genetics system, separately. The single P162T mutation in NS5B of vC/SM3′UTR or vC/b3′UTR played a key role in increased viral genome replication and infectious virus production. The P162T mutation increased vC/SM3′UTRP162T replication in rabbits. From RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) assays in vitro, the NS5B containing P162T mutation (NS5BP162T) exhibited enhanced RdRp activity for different RNA templates. We further identified that the enhanced RdRp activity originated from increased initiation efficiency of RNA synthesis. These findings revealed a novel function for the NS5B residue 162 in modulating pestivirus replication.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proline to Threonine Mutation at Position 162 of NS5B of Classical Swine Fever Virus Vaccine C Strain Promoted Genome Replication and Infectious Virus Production by Facilitating Initiation of RNA Synthesis

Pang

Liu

et al. 2021

Viruses

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“…There are LAV strains in use worldwide, and these vaccines should be produced in accordance with OIE direction [186,205,207]. Attenuation may be based on mutations in the viral genomic regions encoding the E2 and E rns proteins [208][209][210]. CSFV LAVs are often made by serial passage in either rabbits or cell culture [211].…”

Section: Classical Swine Fevermentioning

confidence: 99%

Transboundary Animal Diseases, an Overview of 17 Diseases with Potential for Global Spread and Serious Consequences

Clemmons

Alfson

Dutton

2021

Animals

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Animals provide food and other critical resources to most of the global population. As such, diseases of animals can cause dire consequences, especially disease with high rates of morbidity or mortality. Transboundary animal diseases (TADs) are highly contagious or transmissible, epidemic diseases, with the potential to spread rapidly across the globe and the potential to cause substantial socioeconomic and public health consequences. Transboundary animal diseases can threaten the global food supply, reduce the availability of non-food animal products, or cause the loss of human productivity or life. Further, TADs result in socioeconomic consequences from costs of control or preventative measures, and from trade restrictions. A greater understanding of the transmission, spread, and pathogenesis of these diseases is required. Further work is also needed to improve the efficacy and cost of both diagnostics and vaccines. This review aims to give a broad overview of 17 TADs, providing researchers and veterinarians with a current, succinct resource of salient details regarding these significant diseases. For each disease, we provide a synopsis of the disease and its status, species and geographic areas affected, a summary of in vitro or in vivo research models, and when available, information regarding prevention or treatment.

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“…The C-strain, which is adapted to rabbits (ATR) and live-attenuated in pigs, has the unique ability to replicate in rabbit spleen and lymph nodes, causing a fever response [13]. Several studies have demonstrated that the residues P108 and T109 on the E2 glycoprotein determine the C-strain's ATR [13][14][15]. Thus, rabbits are susceptible animals with highly safe and cost-saving characteristics for real-time CSFV evaluation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Self-Assembling Ferritin Nanoplatform for Designing Classical Swine Fever Vaccine: Elicitation of Potent Neutralizing Antibody

Zhao

Chen

et al. 2021

Vaccines

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Protein-based self-assembling nanoplatforms exhibit superior immunogenicity compared with soluble antigens. Here, we present a comprehensive vaccine strategy for displaying classical swine fever virus (CSFV) E2 glycoprotein on the surface of ferritin (fe) nanocages. An E2-specific blocking antibody assay showed that the blocking rates in pE2-fe/Gel02 (84.3%) and a half-dose cohort of E2-fe/Gel02 (81.9%) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that in a ferritin-free cohort of pE2/Gel02 (62.7%) at 21 days post immunization (dpi) in vivo. Furthermore, quantitation of neutralizing potency revealed that a highly significant difference (p < 0.001) was observed between the pE2-fe/Gel02 cohort (1:32, equivalent to live-attenuated strain C at 1:32) and the pE2/Gel02 cohort (1:4) at 21 dpi. Moreover, the innate immune cytokines of IL-4 and IFN-γ activated by the half-dose (20 μg) cohort of E2-fe/Gel02 were equivalent to those elicited by the full dose (40 μg) of purified E2 in the pE2/Gel02 cohort at most time points. In conclusion, we successfully obtained an antigen-displaying E2-ferritin nanoplatform and confirmed high ferritin-assisted humoral and cellular immunities. Our results provided a novel paradigm of self-assembling nanovaccine development for the defense and elimination of potentially pandemic infectious viral pathogens.

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E2 and Erns of classical swine fever virus C-strain play central roles in its adaptation to rabbits

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Proline to Threonine Mutation at Position 162 of NS5B of Classical Swine Fever Virus Vaccine C Strain Promoted Genome Replication and Infectious Virus Production by Facilitating Initiation of RNA Synthesis

Proline to Threonine Mutation at Position 162 of NS5B of Classical Swine Fever Virus Vaccine C Strain Promoted Genome Replication and Infectious Virus Production by Facilitating Initiation of RNA Synthesis

Transboundary Animal Diseases, an Overview of 17 Diseases with Potential for Global Spread and Serious Consequences

A Self-Assembling Ferritin Nanoplatform for Designing Classical Swine Fever Vaccine: Elicitation of Potent Neutralizing Antibody

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