e-PTSD: an overview on how new technologies can improve prediction and assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Bourla, Alexis; Mouchabac, Stéphane; El‐Hage, Wissam; Ferreri, Florian

doi:10.1080/20008198.2018.1424448

Cited by 53 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…However, the sensitivity and specificity of such a one-item measure might be low and probably more elaborate computerized questionnaires are required for prediction and follow-up of people at risk of developing health problems after traumatic events like terrorist attacks (Bourla, Mouchabac, El Hage, & Ferreri, 2018). Web-based intervention of this kind may be a useful tool to reach people with stress-related health problems and to conduct a first kind of ‘automatic’ triage by guiding them through a step-by-step process resulting in personalized advice such as to contact a suggested health care service or an invitation for another assessment of health problems after some time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between feeling threatened by a terrorist attack and subjective health: a web survey a week after the attacks of 22 March 2016 in Belgium

Deschepper

Six

Gidron

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: The wave of terrorist attacks over the past years in Europe and other regions may cause problems such as anxiety and depressive symptoms. Some studies suggest that perceived threat might also trigger physical health problems.Objective: To investigate the association between feeling threatened and subjective health during the week following a terrorist attack.Method: Online survey with a self-selected sample in the Belgian population one week after the terrorist attacks in 2016. Participants were invited through the Belgian media to fill in a questionnaire in Dutch, French or English on a website. The main outcomes were the association between ‘feeling threatened’ and subjective health problems. Perceived threat was measured with the question ‘During the week after the attacks … Did you feel threatened?’ Subjective health was measured by using standardized scales (ACSA, PHQ-4, PHQ-15).Results: A total of 2620 respondents completed the questionnaire, of whom 69.8% were female, 27.7% lived and 43.1% worked in Brussels. Gender, age, place of living and working, media exposure, religiousness and religious affiliation were associated significantly with higher perceived threat. A total of 21% of the respondents felt much or very much threatened during the week after the attacks. They reported significantly higher levels of mental and physical health problems. The most frequently reported problems were anxiety and depressive symptoms. The health problems that differentiated most markedly between those with low and high levels of perceived threat were fainting spells, chest pain and shortness of breath.Conclusion: In a self-selected sample of respondents, ‘feeling threatened’ was strongly associated with lower level of wellbeing and higher levels of mental and physical health problems. The most prevalent health problems were mental health problems but the most pronounced differences between people with low versus high levels of perceived threat were physical health problems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between feeling threatened by a terrorist attack and subjective health: a web survey a week after the attacks of 22 March 2016 in Belgium

Deschepper

Six

Gidron

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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“…For example, none of the studies in the extant literature investigating PTSD, reward, and positive affect have attempted to link laboratory measures to more ecological assessments of positive emotion in daily life. Given the recent explosion in biometric or mobile assessment and passive data collection through devices such as wearable technologies, smart phones, internet reporting tools, etc., the possibility of measuring clinically-relevant variables rapidly and repeatedly and having them inform and complement experimental findings is now an emerging reality ( Bourla et al, 2018 ). Thus, it is anticipated that the integration of laboratory neuroscience techniques with the “big data” afforded by easily collected, repeated, and rapidly acquired biometric and ecological momentary assessments will help to ground the evolving neurocircuitry findings within a multimodal measurement framework that better represents the factors contributing to or influencing real-life outcomes.…”

Section: Future Directions In Trauma Affective Neuroscience Research:mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diminished positive affect and traumatic stress: A biobehavioral review and commentary on trauma affective neuroscience

Fonzo

2018

Neurobiology of Stress

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Post-traumatic stress manifests in disturbed affect and emotion, including exaggerated severity and frequency of negative valence emotions, e.g., fear, anxiety, anger, shame, and guilt. However, another core feature of common post-trauma psychopathologies, i.e. post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression, is diminished positive affect, or reduced frequency and intensity of positive emotions and affective states such as happiness, joy, love, interest, and desire/capacity for interpersonal affiliation. There remains a stark imbalance in the degree to which the neuroscience of each affective domain has been probed and characterized in PTSD, with our knowledge of post-trauma diminished positive affect remaining comparatively underdeveloped. This remains a prominent barrier to realizing the clinical breakthroughs likely to be afforded by the increasing availability of neuroscience assessment and intervention tools. In this review and commentary, the author summarizes the modest extant neuroimaging literature that has probed diminished positive affect in PTSD using reward processing behavioral paradigms, first briefly reviewing and outlining the neurocircuitry implicated in reward and positive emotion and its interrelationship with negative emotion and negative valence circuitry. Specific research guidelines are then offered to best and most efficiently develop the knowledge base in this area in a way that is clinically translatable and will exert a positive impact on routine clinical care. The author concludes with the prediction that the development of an integrated, bivalent theoretical and predictive model of how trauma impacts affective neurocircuitry to promote post-trauma psychopathology will ultimately lead to breakthroughs in how trauma treatments are conceptualized mechanistically and developed pragmatically.

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“…Given that lots of therapy data may already be recorded and processed as part of the standard treatment procedure, for therapist training and ongoing research, or as part of e-health interventions (e.g. Bourla, Mouchabac, El Hage, & Ferreri, 2018;Olff, 2015;Rizzo & Shilling, 2017;Wild et al, 2016), it is worth exploring how these available data can be made of further value.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recognizing hotspots in Brief Eclectic Psychotherapy for PTSD by text and audio mining

Wiegersma

Nijdam²,

Hessen

et al. 2020

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Identifying and addressing hotspots is a key element of imaginal exposure in Brief Eclectic Psychotherapy for PTSD (BEPP). Research shows that treatment effectiveness is associated with focusing on these hotspots and that hotspot frequency and characteristics may serve as indicators for treatment success. Objective: This study aims to develop a model to automatically recognize hotspots based on text and speech features, which might be an efficient way to track patient progress and predict treatment efficacy. Method: A multimodal supervised classification model was developed based on analog tape recordings and transcripts of imaginal exposure sessions of 10 successful and 10 nonsuccessful treatment completers. Data mining and machine learning techniques were used to extract and select text (e.g. words and word combinations) and speech (e.g. speech rate, pauses between words) features that distinguish between 'hotspot' (N = 37) and 'nonhotspot' (N = 45) phases during exposure sessions. Results: The developed model resulted in a high training performance (mean F 1-score of 0.76) but a low testing performance (mean F 1-score = 0.52). This shows that the selected text and speech features could clearly distinguish between hotspots and non-hotspots in the current data set, but will probably not recognize hotspots from new input data very well. Conclusions: In order to improve the recognition of new hotspots, the described methodology should be applied to a larger, higher quality (digitally recorded) data set. As such this study should be seen mainly as a proof of concept, demonstrating the possible application and contribution of automatic text and audio analysis to therapy process research in PTSD and mental health research in general.

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e-PTSD: an overview on how new technologies can improve prediction and assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Cited by 53 publications

References 68 publications

Association between feeling threatened by a terrorist attack and subjective health: a web survey a week after the attacks of 22 March 2016 in Belgium

Association between feeling threatened by a terrorist attack and subjective health: a web survey a week after the attacks of 22 March 2016 in Belgium

Diminished positive affect and traumatic stress: A biobehavioral review and commentary on trauma affective neuroscience

Recognizing hotspots in Brief Eclectic Psychotherapy for PTSD by text and audio mining

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