E-cigarettes compromise the gut barrier and trigger inflammation

Sharma, Aditi; Lee, Jasper; Fonseca, Ayden G.; Moshensky, A.; Kothari, Taha; Sayed, Ibrahim M.; Ibeawuchi, Stella‐Rita; Pranadinata, Rama; Ear, Jason; Sahoo, Debashis; Crotty-Alexander, Laura; Ghosh, Pradipta; Das, Soumita

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2021.102035

Cited by 46 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Intestinal organoids were isolated and cultured following methods optimized previously ( Sharma et al., 2021 ) and explained here briefly. Human ileum biopsies were collected from healthy adult male and female subjects undergoing routine colonoscopy for colon cancer screening using the protocol approved by the Human Research Protection Program Institutional Review Board (Project ID# 190105).…”

Section: Star★ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SPT6 loss permits the transdifferentiation of keratinocytes into an intestinal fate that resembles Barrett’s metaplasia

Fuller²,

Tindle³

et al. 2021

iScience

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Summary Transient depletion of the transcription elongation factor SPT6 in the keratinocyte has been recently shown to inhibit epidermal differentiation and stratification; instead, they transdifferentiate into a gut-like lineage. We show here that this phenomenon of transdifferentiation recapitulates Barrett’s metaplasia, the only human pathophysiologic condition in which a stratified squamous epithelium that is injured due to chronic acid reflux is trans-committed into an intestinal fate. The evidence we present here not only lend support to the notion that the keratinocytes are potentially the cell of origin of Barrett’s metaplasia but also provide mechanistic insights linking transient acid exposure, downregulation of SPT6, stalled transcription of the master regulator of epidermal fate TP63, loss of epidermal fate, and metaplastic progression. Because Barrett’s metaplasia in the esophagus is a pre-neoplastic condition with no preclinical human models, these findings have a profound impact on the modeling Barrett’s metaplasia-in-a-dish.

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Section: Star★ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SPT6 loss permits the transdifferentiation of keratinocytes into an intestinal fate that resembles Barrett’s metaplasia

Fuller²,

Tindle³

et al. 2021

iScience

Self Cite

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“…This systemic pro-inflammatory status might also have an impact on the gut microbiota composition, as suggested by available studies on the impact of e-cigarette use on animals’ gut microbiota and on oral microbiota composition in humans [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette Smoking and Human Gut Microbiota in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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The intestinal microbiota is a crucial regulator of human health and disease because of its interactions with the immune system. Tobacco smoke also influences the human ecosystem with implications for disease development. This systematic review aims to analyze the available evidence, until June 2021, on the relationship between traditional and/or electronic cigarette smoking and intestinal microbiota in healthy human adults. Of the 2645 articles published in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, 13 were included in the review. Despite differences in design, quality, and participants’ characteristics, most of the studies reported a reduction in bacterial species diversity, and decreased variability indices in smokers’ fecal samples. At the phylum or genus level, the results are very mixed on bacterial abundance both in smokers and non-smokers with two exceptions. Prevotella spp. appears significantly increased in smokers and former smokers but not in electronic cigarette users, while Proteobacteria showed a progressive increase in Desulfovibrio with the number of pack-years of cigarette (p = 0.001) and an increase in Alphaproteobacteria (p = 0.04) in current versus never smokers. This attempt to systematically characterize the effects of tobacco smoking on the composition of gut microbiota gives new perspectives on future research in smoking cessation and on a new possible use of probiotics to contrast smoke-related dysbiosis.

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“…These activities included acting as an online information source about tobacco-control legislative developments (including for CA local ordinances, state legislation/referendum, and federal legislation), inserting discourse and opinion against tobacco-control policy with information about policy, and possibly misrepresenting scientific information about the potential harms of ENDS and vaping. For example, posts observed included those arguing against a study that indicates that chemicals found in e-cigarettes disrupts the gut barrier and triggers inflammation in the body leading to potential harm [ 42 ]; and they also questioned the veracity of the methodology of studies that detected potentially harmful chemicals in e-cigarettes [ 43 ]. Further, these community groups make specific calls to action to mobilize against tobacco-control policies (e.g., inviting online users to political mobilization events, asking them to take direct action against tobacco-control policies, etc.).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Surveillance to Identify California Alternative and Emerging Tobacco Industry Policy Influence and Mobilization on Facebook

Yang

Haupt

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Growing popularity of electronic nicotine-delivery systems (ENDS) has coincided with a need to strengthen tobacco-control policy. In response, the ENDS industry has taken actions to mobilize against public health measures, including coordination on social media platforms. To explore this phenomenon, data mining was used to collect public posts on two Facebook public group pages: the California Consumer Advocates for Smoke Free Alternatives Association (CCASAA) and the community page of the Northern California Chapter of SFATA (NC-SFATA). Posts were manually annotated to characterize themes associated with industry political interference and user interaction. We collected 288 posts from the NC-SFATA and 411 posts from CCASAA. A total of 522 (74.7%) posts were categorized as a form of political interference, with 339 posts (64.9%) from CCASAA and 183 posts (35.1%) from NC-SFATA. We identified three different categories of policy interference-related posts: (1) providing updates on ENDS-related policy at the federal, state, and local levels; (2) sharing opinions about ENDS-related policies; (3) posts related to scientific information related to vaping; and (4) calls to action to mobilize against tobacco/ENDS policies. Our findings indicate that pro-tobacco social media communities on Facebook, driven by strategic activities of trade associations and their members, may act as focal points for anti-policy information dissemination, grass-roots mobilization, and industry coordination that needs further research.

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E-cigarettes compromise the gut barrier and trigger inflammation

Cited by 46 publications

References 71 publications

SPT6 loss permits the transdifferentiation of keratinocytes into an intestinal fate that resembles Barrett’s metaplasia

SPT6 loss permits the transdifferentiation of keratinocytes into an intestinal fate that resembles Barrett’s metaplasia

Cigarette Smoking and Human Gut Microbiota in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review

Digital Surveillance to Identify California Alternative and Emerging Tobacco Industry Policy Influence and Mobilization on Facebook

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