E-cigarette use is associated with other tobacco use among US adolescents

Auf, Rehab; Trepka, Mary Jo; Selim, Mazen M.; Taleb, Ziyad Ben; Rosa, Mario De La; Bastida, Elena; Cano, Miguel Ángel

doi:10.1007/s00038-018-1166-7

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The quality of studies (or inversely, risk of bias) was good in most cases when rated using the NOS (online supplementary table S2). One study was rated as fair quality,18 and three were rated as poor quality 13 19 20. Of the four Bradford-Hill criteria for causality deemed relevant to this research, the majority (11 studies) met three criteria (usually strength of evidence, temporality and specificity), 4 studies only met two criteria6 9 10 19 and 2 met four criteria 13 14…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is e-cigarette use in non-smoking young adults associated with later smoking? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Khouja

Suddell

Peters³

et al. 2020

Tob Control

174

119

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ObjectiveThe aim of this review was to investigate whether e-cigarette use compared with non-use in young non-smokers is associated with subsequent cigarette smoking.Data sourcesPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wiley Cochrane Library databases, and the 2018 Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco and Society for Behavioural Medicine conference abstracts.Study selectionAll studies of young people (up to age 30 years) with a measure of e-cigarette use prior to smoking and an outcome measure of smoking where an OR could be calculated were included (excluding reviews and animal studies).Data extractionIndependent extraction was completed by multiple authors using a preprepared extraction form.Data synthesisOf 9199 results, 17 studies were included in the meta-analysis. There was strong evidence for an association between e-cigarette use among non-smokers and later smoking (OR: 4.59, 95% CI: 3.60 to 5.85) when the results were meta-analysed in a random-effects model. However, there was high heterogeneity (I2=88%).ConclusionsAlthough the association between e-cigarette use among non-smokers and subsequent smoking appears strong, the available evidence is limited by the reliance on self-report measures of smoking history without biochemical verification. None of the studies included negative controls which would provide stronger evidence for whether the association may be causal. Much of the evidence also failed to consider the nicotine content of e-liquids used by non-smokers meaning it is difficult to make conclusions about whether nicotine is the mechanism driving this association.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is e-cigarette use in non-smoking young adults associated with later smoking? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Khouja

Suddell

Peters³

et al. 2020

Tob Control

174

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Results were separated based on these three categories and combined with the 13 primary research studies identified in the umbrella review. Twelve of the seventeen studies in Khouja et al were included, 20 31 33-42 three were excluded due to data overlap, [52][53][54] one was excluded as it used retrospective data 55 and one was excluded as it was cross-sectional. 56 Of the eight studies in Aladeokin and Haighton, two were included 39 40 ; five were excluded for cross-sectional design [57][58][59][60][61] and one for data overlap.…”

Section: Umbrella Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

E-cigarette use and combustible tobacco cigarette smoking uptake among non-smokers, including relapse in former smokers: umbrella review, systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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ObjectiveTo review and summarise the current evidence on the uptake of combustible cigarette smoking following e-cigarette use in non-smokers—including never-smokers, people not currently smoking and past smokers—through an umbrella review, systematic review and meta-analysis.DesignUmbrella review, systematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsychINFO (Ovid), Medline (Ovid) and Wiley Cochrane Library up to April 2020.ResultsOf 6225 results, 25 studies of non-smokers—never, not current and former smokers—with a baseline measure of e-cigarette use and an outcome measure of combustible smoking uptake were included. All 25 studies found increased risk of smoking uptake with e-cigarette exposure, although magnitude varied substantially. Using a random-effects model, comparing e-cigarette users versus non-e-cigarette users, among never-smokers at baseline the OR for smoking initiation was 3.25 (95% CI 2.61 to 4.05, I2 85.7%) and among non-smokers at baseline the OR for current smoking was 2.87 (95% CI 1.97 to 4.19, I2 90.1%). Among former smokers, smoking relapse was higher in e-cigarette users versus non-users (OR=2.40, 95% CI 1.50 to 3.83, I2 12.3%).ConclusionsAcross multiple settings, non-smokers who use e-cigarettes are consistently more likely than those avoiding e-cigarettes to initiate combustible cigarette smoking and become current smokers. The magnitude of this risk varied, with an average of around three times the odds. Former smokers using e-cigarettes have over twice the odds of relapse as non-e-cigarettes users. This study is the first to our knowledge to review and pool data on the latter topic.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020168596.

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“…Thus, changing to smoking could be explained by youth experimentation and propensity to risk (314,315). Concurrent use of nicotine products has also been reported by AUF et al (316). However, national surveys do not suggest any gateway effect.…”

Section: Vapers Demographics -Uptake By Young People and Potential Gateway Effectsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Evidence From the Scientific Assessment of Electronic Cigarettes and Their Role in Tobacco Harm Reduction

Camacho

Ebajemito

Coburn

et al. 2021

Contributions to Tobacco &Amp; Nicotine Research

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Summary While smoking remains a main global cause of preventable morbidity and mortality, a potential inflection point has arrived where it could become possible for non-combustible nicotine products to displace cigarettes and reduce risk for smokers who transition completely from smoking. These have proven consumer satisfaction and are now widely and increasingly available globally. One of the most prominent of these nicotine products are electronic cigarettes (ECs), which are used daily by millions of current and former smokers. The category is not without controversy as these products are not risk free and can cause nicotine dependence. The differing interpretation of science assessing ECs has transpired into inconsistent regulation and product standards, providing an environment for its fragmented manufacturing base which allows for variable product quality and in turn, product quality variability has impacted on how they are viewed. In this review, we assess published scientific evidence to evaluate whether, on balance, ECs fulfil a tobacco harm reduction role by reducing health risks relative to smoking and providing a viable alternative for smokers while having limited appeal to non-smokers.

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E-cigarette use is associated with other tobacco use among US adolescents

Cited by 27 publications

References 41 publications

Is e-cigarette use in non-smoking young adults associated with later smoking? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Is e-cigarette use in non-smoking young adults associated with later smoking? A systematic review and meta-analysis

E-cigarette use and combustible tobacco cigarette smoking uptake among non-smokers, including relapse in former smokers: umbrella review, systematic review and meta-analysis

Evidence From the Scientific Assessment of Electronic Cigarettes and Their Role in Tobacco Harm Reduction

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