E-Cigarette or Vaping Product-Associated Lung Injury: A Review

Cherian, Sujith V.; Kumar, Anupam; Estrada‐Y‐Martin, Rosa M.

doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.02.004

Cited by 90 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In March 2019, the use of e-cigarettes was linked to the development of acute lung injury. [ 9 ] Over 2600 cases were reported. The term EVALI (e-cigarette or vaping-product associated lung injury) was established, which prompted further research into the use of e-cigarettes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term EVALI (e-cigarette or vaping-product associated lung injury) was established, which prompted further research into the use of e-cigarettes. [ 9 ] Not only was it linked to acute lung injury, other studies found an impairment in memory and executive function among adolescents. One study concluded that both the nicotine and non-nicotine components of e-cigarettes led to increased aggressiveness, impulsiveness, attention deficits, and suicidal ideation among its young users.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and perceptions of e-cigarette use among medical students in a Saudi University

Habib

Helaly

Elshaer

et al. 2020

J Family Med Prim Care

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Background and Aims: We hypothesized that the prevalence of electronic cigarette vaping among the medical student population is on the rise. Our aims were to assess the prevalence of electronic cigarette vaping among medical students in Saudi Arabia, to understand and analyze the reasons that led them to try it, and to investigate students’ perceptions towards electronic cigarette vaping. Methods: An anonymous, paper-based, cross-sectional questionnaire was distributed amongst 401 undergraduate medical students from years 1-5 at Alfaisal University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Prevalence, intensity of e-cigarette use and reasons for it, relation of electronic cigarettes to cessation of tobacco smoking, and side effects were studied. Results: The prevalence of vaping was 49/401 (12.2%). There was a strong association between gender and vaping, with males being 3 times more likely to vape compared to females (χ2 (1) =13.62, P <.001). The three most common reasons for using electronic cigarettes were to enjoy the variability in flavours (61.4%, n = 30), to reduce or quit tobacco cigarettes (29.5%, n = 14), and to avert the public smoking ban (13.6%, n = 7). The three most common side effects experienced by users were coughing (26.7%, n = 13), dry mouth/throat (24.4%, n = 12), and dizziness (20%, n = 10). Conclusion: Use of the electronic cigarettes is not uncommon amongst medical students, mostly due to their appealing flavor variability. Further research is required to define long-term safety and side effect profiles, and to generate evidence-based guidelines concerning e-cigarette safety and efficacy for smoking cessation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and perceptions of e-cigarette use among medical students in a Saudi University

Habib

Helaly

Elshaer

et al. 2020

J Family Med Prim Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…EVALI most commonly presents with fever and respiratory symptoms together with bilateral CXR infiltrates consistent with organising pneumonia or diffuse alveolar damage. 8 Although nonrespiratory involvement can be prominent, our case had only mild, transient CXR changes, and minimal respiratory pathology, which argues against EVALI. Furthermore, hypocomplementaemia is not a feature of EVALI and strongly suggests Type III hypersensitivity.…”

Section: Letters To the Editormentioning

confidence: 57%

Vaping and e‐cigarettes: a life‐threatening hypersensitivity reaction

Qiu

Barnes

Wijesinghe

et al. 2020

Internal Medicine Journal

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“…In addition, α-tocopheryl acetate, was analyzed in the study but found absent in tobacco and cigarette smoke. This compound has been associated with EVALI (Electronic Cigarette, or Vaping, product use-Associated Lung Injury), and was reported in certain counterfeit products (37)(38)(39). However, there is no report of α-tocopheryl acetate or similar compounds in legitimate commercial e-vaping products (37).…”

Section: Resumementioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of α-Tocopherol in Tobacco and Cigarette Smoke

Moldoveanu

2020

Contributions to Tobacco &Amp; Nicotine Research

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Summaryα-Tocopherol, a type of vitamin E, has been known to be present in tobacco for many years. The compound is an antioxidant protecting cell membranes from oxidants. α-Tocopherol is transferred from tobacco into cigarette smoke, where it is also present. Analysis of α-tocopherol has been reported in a number of studies and in various matrices including tobacco and tobacco smoke. However, no recent publication describes a method for quantitative analysis of tocopherol in tobacco and in cigarette smoke, and many methods reported from previous studies were not published and only presented at conferences or communicated in internal company publications.The goal of this study was to quantitate α-tocopherol and, if present, α-tocopheryl acetate in tobacco and in tobacco smoke. For this analysis, an original HPLC technique was developed and is described in this report. Both UV and MS/MS (MRM mode) were used as detection procedure for the analysis. The results obtained using UV detection were in very good agreement with the results obtained using MS/MS detection. The method has been applied for the analysis of a number of tobaccos, as well as the total particulate matter (TPM) from cigarettes made with the same tobaccos. Depending on tobacco type, the levels of α-tocopherol vary in tobacco between about 200 μg/g up to about 900 μg/g (“dry weight basis”). For ISO type smoking, the levels of α-tocopherol vary in TPM between about 2 μg/mg up to slightly above 4 μg/mg of TPM. For a cigarette generating TPM of about 10 mg/cig, the α-tocopherol is between about 20 μg/cig up to about 40 μg/cig. A relatively good correlation was obtained between the level of α-tocopherol in smoke (ISO type smoking) and the level of the compound in tobacco. α-Tocopheryl acetate was absent in tobacco.

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E-Cigarette or Vaping Product-Associated Lung Injury: A Review

Cited by 90 publications

References 27 publications

Prevalence and perceptions of e-cigarette use among medical students in a Saudi University

Prevalence and perceptions of e-cigarette use among medical students in a Saudi University

Vaping and e‐cigarettes: a life‐threatening hypersensitivity reaction

Analysis of α-Tocopherol in Tobacco and Cigarette Smoke

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