E-Cigarette Awareness, Use, and Harm Perception among Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Xu, Ying; Guo, Yanfang; Liu, Kaiqian; Liu, Zheng; Wang, Xiaobo

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0165938

Cited by 57 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Despite the paucity of human data, there is a growing perception among lay adults that e-cigs are as risky as cigarettes (21–23). Most professional organizations have been cautious in their assessment of what is known regarding benefits and risks of e-cigs (24–27), reflecting the lack of data regarding e-cigs’ toxicity, particularly relative to that of cigarette smoke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Pulmonary Toxicity of Electronic Cigarettes in the Context of Smoking: A Focus on Inflammation

Shields

Berman

Brasky

et al. 2017

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) is increasing rapidly, but their effects on lung toxicity are largely unknown. Smoking is a well-established cause of lung cancer and respiratory disease, in part through inflammation. It is plausible that e-cig use might affect similar inflammatory pathways. E-cigs are used by some smokers as an aid for quitting or smoking reduction, and by never smokers (e.g., adolescents and young adults). The relative effects for impacting disease risk may differ for these groups. Cell culture and experimental animal data indicate that e-cigs have the potential for inducing inflammation, albeit much less than smoking. Human studies show that e-cig use in smokers is associated with substantial reductions in blood or urinary biomarkers of tobacco toxicants when completely switching and somewhat for dual use. However, the extent to which these biomarkers are surrogates for potential lung toxicity remains unclear. The FDA now has regulatory authority over e-cigs and can regulate product and e-liquid design features such as nicotine content and delivery, voltage, e-liquid formulations, and flavors. All of these factors may impact pulmonary toxicity. This review summarizes current data on pulmonary inflammation related to both smoking and e-cig use, with a focus on human lung biomarkers.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Pulmonary Toxicity of Electronic Cigarettes in the Context of Smoking: A Focus on Inflammation

Shields

Berman

Brasky

et al. 2017

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This model utilizes the concepts of perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy to explain behaviors and target interventions 3 . Additionally, the HBM has been shown to be beneficial in assessing perceived harms and cessation intentions in relation to EC use 4 . The prevalence of tobacco use within the U.S. military is markedly higher than its civilian counterpart 5,6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although not explicitly described in the context of being cool or uncool, some avoid EC use because they believe that EC users are old and addicted to nicotine 9 . Smokers may attempt cessation with ECs as a harmreduction strategy because of a common belief that ECs are healthier than cigarettes 4,[8][9][10][11] . The general population's beliefs fluctuate widely regarding the health effects of ECs compared to cigarettes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of harm from electronic-cigarette use among a sample of US Navy personnel

Hall¹,

Austin²,

Tai³

et al. 2017

Tob. Prev. Cessation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…3,23 E-cigarette use has also been associated with the perception that e-cigarettes are less harmful than other tobacco products. 30 Prevalence of e-cigarette use is the highest for AI/AN people among single-race groups in the U.S., 19,31 but large nationwide reports of factors associated with e-cigarette use do not include them. AI/AN people also have the highest prevalence of cigarette smoking in the U.S. 32 Considerable regional variation in tobacco use exists, with smoking prevalence particularly high among AI communities in the Plains states, 32−36 where the smoking-related morbidity and mortality rates are among the highest.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Versus Never Use of E-Cigarettes Among American Indians Who Smoke

Rhoades

Comiford

Dvorak

et al. 2019

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Many American Indian communities have a high prevalence of smoking and e-cigarette use, but factors associated with their dual use are rarely studied. Methods:In 2016, a total of 375 American Indian adults who smoke completed paper surveys regarding cigarette and e-cigarette use and provided saliva for cotinine levels. In 2018, cross-sectional analyses were performed, comparing dual users (12%), defined as using e-cigarettes on some or every day for the past 30 days, with never users of e-cigarettes (37%).Results: Compared with never users, dual users were younger, more often reported history of depression (56% and 29%, respectively; p<0.01) and family history of smoking-related disease (77% and 59%, respectively; p<0.05), had lower harm perceptions of e-cigarettes (27% and 47%, respectively; p<0.01) or vapor (14% and 35%, respectively; p<0.01), and more often perceived e-cigarettes as cessation aids (75% and 16%, respectively; p<0.01) and as less harmful than cigarettes (70% and 17%, respectively; p<0.01). Dual users were less often uncertain/unknowing about e-cigarette benefits or harms (p<0.01) and more often reported likelihood to quit smoking (49% and 24%, respectively; p<0.01) and prior attempt to quit smoking, ever (89% and 67%, respectively; p<0.01) or in the past year (55% and 32%, respectively; p=0.01). Cigarette consumption and cotinine levels did not differ between groups. Dual users more often tried other nicotine products (p<0.02) and more often lived with a vaping partner/spouse (45% and 6%, respectively; p<0.01).Conclusions: Dual users perceived e-cigarettes as less harmful than cigarettes and more as cessation aids than cigarette-only users did, but cigarette consumption did not differ between groups. Whether e-cigarettes will reduce smoking-related disparities among American Indian people remains undetermined.Am J Prev Med 2019;57(3):e59−e68.

show abstract

E-Cigarette Awareness, Use, and Harm Perception among Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Cited by 57 publications

References 46 publications

A Review of Pulmonary Toxicity of Electronic Cigarettes in the Context of Smoking: A Focus on Inflammation

A Review of Pulmonary Toxicity of Electronic Cigarettes in the Context of Smoking: A Focus on Inflammation

Perceptions of harm from electronic-cigarette use among a sample of US Navy personnel

Dual Versus Never Use of E-Cigarettes Among American Indians Who Smoke

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About