E-cigarette and dual product use as an emerging health threat to the US military

Keltner, Case; Kao, Tzu‐Cheg; Ahmed, Anwar; Mancuso, James D.

doi:10.18332/tpc/135516

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…The study also demonstrated Service members who screened ‘positive’ for hazardous drinking, had increased odds of being an e-cigarette user; aligning to published research for the U.S. adult population which indicated e-cigarette users were more likely to engage in hazardous drinking behavior compared to those who do not use e-cigarettes 29 . Results of this study also aligned to a June 2021 study which concluded that Service members who had a probable alcohol use disorder were at greater odd of using e-cigarettes 30 . Amongst specific Service branches, the highest tobacco users were found amongst active duty Army and Navy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…29 Results of this study also aligned to a June 2021 study which concluded that Service members who had a probable alcohol use disorder were at greater odd of using e-cigarettes. 30 Amongst specific Service branches, the highest tobacco users were found amongst active duty Army and Navy. The Army and Navy makes up largest percentage of the overall active duty force, approximately 20% and 14%, respectively and 85% of the Army are male.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Electronic Cigarettes among U.S. Military Service Members – Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors

et al. 2022

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Background Decreased physical fitness, loss of vision and hearing, and increased risk of chronic diseases are significant primary and secondary implications associated with the health of U.S. Military Service members who use tobacco, including electronic cigarettes. Despite the medical and non-medical costs to the U.S. Department of Defense and potential adverse health effects to Service members, electronic cigarette use is on the rise. Methods U.S. Military Service members who completed their Periodic Health Assessment, a standardized, electronic, logic-based tool, from July 2018 to July 2019 were eligible. This exploratory study examines the prevalence and significant risk factors associated with self-reported use of electronic cigarettes, as well as determines if tobacco use varies by sex and Service branch, through use of Chi-square analysis and logistic regression. Results U.S. Military Service members 17–70 years old were included in this study (N = 1.12 M), with 80% of study participants being male and 20% female. Exposure to secondhand smoke (OR: 2.12, 95% CI: 2.15–2.22) and screening positive for hazardous drinking (OR: 2.70, 95% CI: 2.64–2.76) were found to show the greatest increase in odds of using electronic cigarettes, with similar findings after stratification by sex and Service branch. Stratification by Service branch revealed further differences in the association between electronic cigarette use and various demographic, military, lifestyle, and health characteristics. Conclusion Electronic cigarette use is increasing across the United States. U.S. Service members have unique risk factors and patterns of tobacco use. Despite tobacco use having potential adverse effects on military readiness, its use remains prevalent in this population. Our findings identify opportunities for the U.S. Department of Defense to review tobacco policy and availability and accessibility of cessation services to promote quitting tobacco, especially electronic cigarettes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Electronic Cigarettes among U.S. Military Service Members – Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors

et al. 2022

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“…Many of these behaviors were seen to be quite common in this study, and e-cigarette use and dual products use have been noted to be increasing in the military population. 31 Mental health specialists should also consider these health behaviors as part of their mental health assessments and risk strati cation for suicide behaviors. All survey materials included the survey report control system license number: DD-HA(BE)2189.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicidal behaviors among active-duty U.S. service members: data from the 2018 Health Related Behaviors Survey

Ahmed,

Yim,

Dawood

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background From 2006–2021, suicide was the second leading cause of death among U.S. active-duty military service members (SMs). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of past-year suicidal ideation (SI) and attempts (SA) among active-duty SMs; to determine whether differences exist by age, sex, and race; and to assess whether prevalence estimates vary by risk profiles of mental health conditions and substance use. Method Data were from the 2018 Health-Related Behaviors Survey (HRBS), a cross-sectional survey of active-duty SMs (n = 17,166). We used the logistic model to identify factors of SI and SA and latent class analysis (LCA) to identify the risk profiles. RESULTS Among active duty SMs, 8.26% had SI and 1.25% had SA in the past year. Among SMs with past-year SI, 14.19% attempted suicide. Mental health conditions were associated with higher odds of SI and SA, as were younger ages; LGB identity; being separated, divorced, or widowed; use of e-cigarettes, dual use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes, or drugs; and history of deployment of less than 12 months. The LCA identified patterns of SI and SA according to illegal drug use, tobacco use, alcohol use, and mental health risk profiles. Conclusions Despite the resources and increased access provided for mental health support, the prevalence of SI among active-duty SMs is greater than in the general population of the same age, likely due to additional military exposures and stressors. This study highlights the need for intensive interventions to detect, mitigate and prevent suicidal behaviors, particularly among those with higher risk profiles.

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“…Smoking. Cigarette smoking has declined among service members over recent years, from 24% in 2011 to 13.8% in 2015 [24]. However, exposure to other potentially hazardous agents such as e-cigarettes (12.4%) and dual product use (4.7%) has increased [24].…”

Section: Particle Count Associations With Service Member Demographicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle analysis of surgical lung biopsies from deployed and non-deployed US service members during the Global War on Terrorism

Hayden,

Lightner,

Strausborger

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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The role that inhaled particulate matter plays in the development of post-deployment lung disease among US service members deployed to Southwest Asia during the Global War on Terrorism has been difficult to define. There is a persistent gap in data addressing the relationship between relatively short-term (months to a few years) exposures to high levels of particulate matter during deployment and the subsequent development of adverse pulmonary outcomes. Surgical lung biopsies from deployed service members and veterans (DSMs) and non-deployed service members and veterans (NDSMs) who develop lung diseases can be analyzed to potentially identify residual deployment-specific particles and develop associations with pulmonary pathological diagnoses. We examined 52 surgical lung biopsies from 25 DSMs and 27 NDSMs using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to identify any between-group differences in the number and composition of retained inorganic particles, then compared the particle analysis results with the original histopathologic diagnoses. We recorded a higher number of total particles in biopsies from DSMs than from NDSMs, and this difference was mainly accounted for by geologic clays (illite, kaolinite), feldspars, quartz/silica, and titanium-rich silicate mixtures. Biopsies from DSMs deployed to other Southwest Asia regions (SWA-Other) had higher particle counts than those from DSMs primarily deployed to Iraq or Afghanistan, due mainly to illite. Distinct deployment-specific particles were not identified. Particles did not qualitatively associate with country of deployment. The individual diagnoses of the DSMs and NDSMs were not associated with elevated levels of total particles, metals, cerium oxide, or titanium dioxide particles. These results support the examination of particle-related lung disease in DSMs in the context of comparison groups, such as NDSMs, to assist in determining the strength of associations between specific pulmonary pathology diagnoses and deployment-specific inorganic particulate matter exposure.

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E-cigarette and dual product use as an emerging health threat to the US military

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Use of Electronic Cigarettes among U.S. Military Service Members – Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors

Use of Electronic Cigarettes among U.S. Military Service Members – Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors

Suicidal behaviors among active-duty U.S. service members: data from the 2018 Health Related Behaviors Survey

Particle analysis of surgical lung biopsies from deployed and non-deployed US service members during the Global War on Terrorism

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