E‐cadherin (CDH1) gene –160C/A polymorphism and the risk of colorectal cancer: A meta‐analysis involving 17,291 subjects

Abstract

Background: The E-cadherin (CDH1) polymorphism has been implicated in the susceptibility to colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the results remain inconclusive.The present meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between the CDH1-160C/A polymorphism and CRC risk.Methods: Relevant studies were retrieved by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI and Wanfang databases up to 11 March 2021. Pooled odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated using either the fixed-or random-effects model. Quality evaluation was carried out using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). A trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted to reduce the risk of type I error.Results: In total, 16 studies from 14 articles with 8699 patients and 8592 controls were included. In general, all studies were of high quality (NOS score higher than 6).Overall, no significant associations between the CDH1 -160C/A polymorphism and CRC risk were detected. In subgroup analysis by ethnicity, source of control, genotyping method and location, significant associations were found between the CDH1-160C/A polymorphism and the risk of CRC in the Caucasians and the hospital-based subgroup. Furthermore, 10 studies with 8019 subjects reported the association between the polymorphism and clinical characteristics in CRC patients, and we found that the CDH1-160C/A polymorphism might show a protective role in the distal CRC subgroup. By TSA, the findings in the present study were based on sufficient evidence in Caucasians, but not in Asians.Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that the CDH1-160C/A polymorphism may be an important protective factor for CRC in Caucasians and a hospital-based subgroup. Moreover, the polymorphism show a protective role in the distal CRC group. However, large and well-designed studies are warranted to validate our findings, especially for Asians. K E Y W O R D S CDH1, colorectal cancer, meta-analysis, polymorphism 1 | INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors worldwide. CRC ranks third in terms of incidence and second in terms of mortality based on the GLOBOCAN 2018. 1 The exact etiology and pathogenesis of CRC remain unclear. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that some risk factors and interactions between genetic and environmental factors may play important roles

The role of the gut microbiota in tumor, immunity, and immunotherapy

“…A critical factor in the virulence of ETBF in CRC is BFT. The expression of BFT induces the cleavage of the extracellular domain of E-calmodulin in the colon epithelium, leading to an increase in epithelial cell permeability and activation of CRC through the β-catenin/Wnt pathway ( Figure 1 ) ( 44 ). Another study found that BFT upregulates spermine oxidase (SMO) in the colonic epithelium, leading to SMO-dependent ROS production and DNA damage ( 45 ).…”