Dystrophic Calcification and Stone Formation on the Entire Bladder Neck After Potassium-titanyl Phosphate Laser Vaporization for the Prostate: A Case Report

Abstract

Dystrophic calcification can be defined as a calcification that occurs in degenerated or necrotic tissue. It is associated with multiple clinical conditions, such as collagen vascular diseases. It involves the deposition of calcium in soft tissues despite no generalized disturbance in the calcium or phosphorus metabolism, and this is often seen at sites of previous inflammation or damage. Potassium-titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser vaporization of the prostate is safe and relatively bloodless procedure that results in a shorter catheterization, immediate symptomatic improvement, and less severe postoperative irritative symptoms. However, longer follow-up studies or reports about complications are lacking. Here in we report a case of dystrophic calcification and stone formation on the entire bladder neck after performing KTP laser vaporization of benign prostate hyperplasia. That was treated by lithotripsy and transurethral resection.

Heterotopic ossification: radiological and pathological review

“…It is well documented to occur in cases of collagen vascular diseases like dermatomyositis (Figure 5), systemic lupus erythematosus, and scleroderma52, but has also been identified in other disease processes 51. On plain film, DC appears as amorphous calcification with a hazy ill-defined appearance that can increase in density over time 53.…”

“…Dystrophic calcification (DC) is the calcification that occurs in soft tissue post inflammation and damage. The mechanism is thought to be either disruption of cell membranes during cellular stress allowing calcium to enter and subsequently be concentrated in the mitochondria or by creating an acidic environment in the tissue that lacks calcification inhibitors 51…”

Recurrent Dystrophic Calcification of the Prostatic Resection Cavity After Transurethral Resection of the Prostate: Clinical Presentation and Endoscopic Management

“…A total of four patients who developed DC after potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser ablation of the prostate have been described within two reports. 3 , 4 Occurrence of extensive coagulation necrosis was suspected as underlying mechanism in these cases. Although complications associated with conventional TURP have been extensively assessed during the last decades, 5 , 6 DC of the prostatic resection cavity after TURP, to the best of our knowledge, has never been reported before.…”

Dystrophic Calcification of the Prostate after Cryotherapy

“…In the urology literature, benign prostatic calcifications have been described as a consequence of intermittent bouts of inflammation from recurrent urinary tract infections and prostatitis [ 17 ]. Additionally, inflammation from laser vaporization of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is associated with symptomatic superficial bladder neck calcifications [ 18 ]. The mechanisms are likely similar given that inflammation is the commonality.…”