Dysregulation of TCTP in Biological Processes and Diseases

Abstract

<jats:p>Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP), also called histamine releasing factor (HRF) or fortilin, is a multifunctional protein present in almost all eukaryotic organisms. TCTP is involved in a range of basic cell biological processes, such as promotion of growth and development, or cellular defense in response to biological stresses. Cellular TCTP levels are highly regulated in response to a variety of physiological signals, and regulatory mechanism at various levels have been elucidated. Given the importance of TCTP in maintaining cellular homeostasis, it is not surprising that dysregulation of this protein is associated with a range of disease processes. Here, we review recent progress that has been made in the characterisation of the basic biological functions of TCTP, in the description of mechanisms involved in regulating its cellular levels and in the understanding of dysregulation of TCTP, as it occurs in disease processes such as cancer.</jats:p>

Tuning IgE: IgE-Associating Molecules and Their Effects on IgE-Dependent Mast Cell Reactions

“…HRF is a ubiquitously expressed protein cloned as a factor with an IgE-dependent histamine-releasing activity on human basophils [ 43 , 44 ]. It is coincidentally an essential intracellular protein for cell survival, proliferation, and malignant transformation in a variety of cell types [ 45 , 46 , 47 ]. In the latter context, HRF is called translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP), fortilin, p21, and p23.…”

Role of TCTP in Cell Biological and Disease Processes

“…Our own review article [ 8 ] aimed to provide a comprehensive overview on the core biological functions of TCTP. Apart from the above-mentioned processes of cell/organ development and autophagy, it listed regulation of protein synthesis, stability regulation of key proteins, and biological stress responses as the main groups of cell biological processes, in which TCTP may be involved.…”

“…The role of TCTP in cancer is well documented in previous reviews (for a collection of such articles, see [ 9 ]); therefore, in our review [ 8 ], we focused on the participation of TCTP in the most important cancer cell biological processes, as they are listed in the grey box in Figure 1 . The above-mentioned article by Lucibello and colleagues [ 2 ] represents an original contribution to the topic ‘TCTP and cancer’.…”

“…Another group of disorders, where TCTP dysregulation was shown to be involved, are cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes (grey box in Figure 1 ). These observations are reviewed in our article [ 8 ] (for an earlier review also see [ 10 ], where TCTP is referred to as fortilin). An important general aspect here is that, on one hand, TCTP is important for the survival of specialized cell types, such as pancreatic β cells [ 11 ] and cardiomyocytes [ 12 ]; on the other hand, excess TCTP may lead to hypertrophy, as shown for nephrotic podocytes in diabetes [ 13 ] or in skeletal muscle [ 14 ].…”

Prospective Use of Brown Spider Venom Toxins as Therapeutic and Biotechnological Inputs

“…A protein from the translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) family was described in Loxosceles venoms (Sade et al, 2012). The TCTP protein, also known as histaminereleasing factor (HRF) or fortilin, is a highly conserved and ubiquitous protein, described as multifunctional due to its wide range of function repertoire regarding both intracellular and extracellular biological processes (Bommer and Telerman, 2020). Loxosceles TCTP was initially described in L. intermedia transcriptome (Gremski et al, 2010).…”